Ace Your Neurology, Ophthalmology & Otology Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Medicine (MD/DO) Students
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Neurology, Ophthalmology & Otology | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Autonomic Dysreflexia
- Injury Above T6
- Assessment
- Paroxysmal Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Diaphoresis
- Flushing Above Lesion
- Piloerection
- Nasal Congestion
- Headache
- Interventions
- Elevate Head of Bed
- Remove Noxious Stimuli
2 mins
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Mechanism and Deficiency
- Mechanism
- Cobalamin
- Large reserve pool in the liver
- Homocysteine to methionine
- Methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA
- Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
- Macrocytic Megaloblastic Anemia
- Hypersegmented Neutrophils
- Neurologic defects
- Posterior column
- Lateral corticospinal tract
- Spinocerebellar tract
5 mins
Cauda Equina Syndrome
- Acute Loss of Lumbar Plexus Function
- Surgical Emergency
- Saddle Anesthesia
- Causes
- Inflammatory Disorders
- Spinal Stenosis
- Trauma
- Lesions
- Symptoms
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Sciatica
- Diagnosis
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Clinical
1 min
Syphilis
- Characteristics
- Treponema pallidum
- Spirochete with characteristic motility
- Signs and Symptoms
- Painless chancre
- Condylomata lata
- Generalized lymphadenopathy
- Rash on palms and soles
- Aortitis
- Gummas
- Neurosyphilis
- Argyll Robertson pupils
- Vasa vasorum
- Tabes dorsalis
- Treatment
- Penicillin
- Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
2 mins
Spina Bifida Assessment
- Cause
- Congenital Malformation of Vertebrae
- Assessment
- Dimple With or Without Hair Tuft
- Lumbar Sac
- Hydrocephalus
- Paralysis
- Considerations
- Identify Type
2 mins
Spina Bifida Interventions
- Surgery
- Prone Position
- Cover Sac with Moist (Sterile) Dressing
- Measure Head Circumference
- Bulging Fontanel
- Considerations
- Other Congenital Malformations Common
- Bowel Control
- Neurogenic Bladder
2 mins
Syringomyelia
- Characteristics
- Cystic Cavity in Central Canal
- Chiari Malformations
- Trauma
- Clinical Features
- Cape-like Symptoms
- Loss of Pain Sensation
- Loss of Temperature
- Muscle Weakness
- Horner Syndrome
- Diagnosis
- MRI
- Management
- Supportive Care
- Surgery
2 mins
Type I Spinal Muscular Atrophy
- Pathophysiology
- Lower Motor Neuron Disease
- SMN1 Mutation
- Degeneration of Anterior Horn Cells
- Autosomal Recessive
- Clinical Features
- Symmetric Flaccid Paralysis
- Hypotonia
- Bulbar Palsy
- Extraocular Muscle Sparing
- Respiratory Failure
- Diagnosis
- Genetic Testing
- Treatment
- Supportive Therapy
- Nusinersen
3 mins
Tethered Cord Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Thickened Filum Terminale
- Meningeal Adhesions
- Spinal Canal Obstruction
- Clinical Features
- Back Pain
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Ataxia
- Diagnosis
- MRI
- Treatment
- Surgery
3 mins
Brown-Séquard Syndrome
- Hemisection of the Spinal Cord
- Clinical Features
- Ipsilateral Loss of Sensation At Level of Lesion
- Ipsilateral Flaccid Paralysis At Level of Lesion
- Ipsilateral Spastic Paralysis Below Level of Lesion
- Ipsilateral Loss of Proprioception, Deep Touch, Vibration, and Pressure Below Level of Lesion
- Ipsilateral Horner Syndrome if Lesion is Above T1
- Contralateral Loss of Pain, Temperature, and Crude Touch Below Level of Lesion
3 mins
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