Actinic Keratosis
- Sun Exposure
- Papules or Plaques
- Small, Rough
- Erythematous
- Precursor to Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
- 2nd Most Common Skin Cancer
- UV Light Exposure
- Long-term Immunosuppression
- Arsenic Exposure
- Ulcerative Red Lesion
- Precursor Actinic Keratosis
- Commonly Lower Lip
- Biopsy shows Keratin Pearls
- Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
- Most Common Skin Cancer
- 2/3 of Cases Due to UV Light Exposure
- Pink, Pearl-like Lesions
- Rolled Borders
- Telangiectasias
- Commonly Upper Lip
- Shave Biopsy
- Pallisading Nuclei
- Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Melanoma Mechanism and Characteristics
- Associated with Sunlight Exposure
- Mutation in B-RAF kinase
- Large Number of Moles
- Fair-Skinned People at Higher Risk
- Radial Growth Phase
- No Metastasis
- Vertical Growth Phase
- Depth of Tumor Correlates with Risk of Metastasis
ABCDEs of Melanoma
- Asymmetry
- Border
- Color
- Diameter
- Evolving
Melanoma Diagnosis
- ABCDE Mnemonic
- Asymmetry
- Border irregularity
- Color variation
- Diameter > 6mm
- Evolution over time
- S-100 Tumor Marker
- LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) Screens for Metastasis
- Wide Local Excision
- Adjuvant Therapy
Types of Malignant Melanoma
- Superficial Spreading
- Most Common Cause of Melanoma
- Nodular
- Aggressive and Rapidly Arising
- Acral-Lentiginous
- Males
- Asians and African Americans
- Lentigo Maligna
- Geographic Shape
- Sun Exposed Areas
Keratoacanthoma
- Low-Grade Skin Tumor
- Dome-shaped Nodule with Central Crater
- More Common in Elderly
- Sun-exposed Skin
- Resembles Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
- Grows Rapidly over 4-6 Weeks
- Wide Excisional Biopsy
- Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Melanocytic Nevus
- Benign Tumor of Melanocytes
- Nested Proliferations at Dermal-Epidermal Junction
- Junctional
- Intradermal
- Genetics
- Childhood Sun Exposure
- Melanoma
Acne Vulgaris Presentation and Pathophysiology
- Papules/Comedones in Mild Cases
- Blackheads Open, Whiteheads Closed
- Pustules in Mild-Moderate Cases
- Nodules/Cysts in Severe Cases
- Inflammation at Hair Follicle/Sebaceous Gland
- Increased Androgens
- Colonization by Cutibacterium Acnes
Tinea (Dermatophytes): General Characteristics And Management
- Fungal Cutaneous Infection
- Trichophyton
- Microsporum
- Epidermophyton
- Pruritic Rash
- Segmented Hyphae On KOH
- Topical Azole
- Terbinafine For Tinea Unguium (Nails)
Kaposi Sarcoma
- Malignant Vascular Tumor
- Human Herpesvirus Type 8 (HHV-8)
- AIDS/Immunocompromised
- CD4+ < 500
- Multifocal Purple Lesions
- Skin
- Mucous Membranes
- Visceral Organs
- Spindle-shaped Cells
- Observation
- Chemotherapy
- Treat Underlying Disorder
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
- Defective Nucleotide Excision Repair
- Pyrimidine Dimer Accumulation
- Autosomal Recessive
- Susceptible to UVA and UVB Rays
- Actinic Keratosis
- Neurodegeneration
- Photosensitivity
- Corneal Ulcers
- Hyperpigmented Lentigines
- Increased Risk of Skin Cancer