Penicillin
- Weakens Cell Wall
- Gram-Positive Infections
- Prophylaxis
- Pain at IM Injection Site
- Allergic Reaction
- Skin Tests
- Allergy ID
- Medication Education
Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
- Aminopenicillin
- Broad Spectrum Penicillin
- Gram-Positive and Some Gram-Negative Infections
- Rash
- Diarrhea
- No Effect Against Staph Aureus
- Often combined with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
- Allergic Reaction
Cephalosporins
- Starts with "Cef-"
- Bactericidal
- Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Infections
- Allergic Reactions
- Thrombophlebitis
- Bleeding
- Renal Impairment
- Avoid IV Calcium with Ceftriaxone
- No Alcohol
Aztreonam (Azactam)
- Monobactam Antibiotic
- Bactericidal
- Gram-Negative Infections
- No Activity on Gram-Positives or Anaerobes
- Blood Dyscrasias
- Pain at Injection Site
- Safe for Penicillin Allergy
- Synergistic with Aminoglycosides
- Nebulizer Form Available
Linezolid (Zyvox)
- Oxazolidinone Antibiotic
- Binds 23S rRNA of 50S Subunit
- Inhibits Protein Synthesis
- Gram-Positive Organisms
- MRSA
- VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci)
- Bone Marrow Suppression
- Decreased Platelet Count
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Lactic Acidosis
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Avoid Tyramine Containing Foods
Clindamycin
- Bacteriostatic
- Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
- Gram-Positive Infections
- Anaerobic Infections
- Rash
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- C. Difficile (Associated Diarrhea)
- Arrhythmias
- Blood Dyscrasias
- Monitor for Diarrhea
Vancomycin
- Inhibits Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
- Serious Gram-Positive Infections
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Red Man Syndrome
- Thrombophlebitis
- Culture Samples First
- Infuse IV Over 60 Minutes
- Take Around the Clock
Macrolides
- End in "-thromycin"
- Bacteriostatic
- Alternative for Penicillin Allergy
- Respiratory Infections
- Pneumonia
- QT Prolongation and Sudden Death
- C.Diff Overgrowth
- GI Distress
- Slow IV Infusion
Macrolides Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Prolonged QT Interval
- P450 Inhibitor
- Cholestatic Hepatitis
- Skin Rash
- Eosinophilia
Tetracyclines Overview
- End in "-cycline"
- Bacteriostatic
- Infectious Diseases
- Acne
- Periodontal Disease
- Avoid Milk, Antacids, Iron
- Sunlight Protection
Tetracyclines Side Effects
- Superinfection
- Clostridioides difficile
- Discoloration of Teeth
- Bone Deformities
- Photosensitivity
- Children Under 8
- Pregnancy
Aminoglycoside Overview
- End in "-mycin"
- Gentamicin
- Neomycin
- Amikacin
- Tobramycin
- Streptomycin
- Bactericidal
- Severe Gram Negative Infections
- Bowel Surgery Prep
Aminoglycoside Side Effects
- Ototoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Respiratory Paralysis
- Pregnancy
- Peak and Trough
- Never Mix with Penicillin in Same IV
Fluoroquinolones
- End in "-floxacin"
- Bactericidal
- Variety of Infections
- GI Distress
- Photosensitivity
- Achilles Tendon Rupture
- Pregnancy
- Children
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Avoid Milk Products or Antacids
- Slow IV Infusion
Fluoroquinolones Toxicities
- Diarrhea
- Skin Rash
- Headache
- Tendon Rupture in Adults
- Myalgias in Kids
- Damage to Cartilage
- Teratogen
- QT Prolongation
Sulfonamides
- Bacteriostatic
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Crystalluria
- Photosensitivity
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Kernicterus
- Rash
- Sulfa Allergy
- Encourage Fluids
Sulfonamides Side Effects
- Hypersensitivity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Photosensitivity
- Kernicterus in Infants
- Displaces Warfarin from Albumin
- Hemolysis with G6PD Deficiency
Trimethoprim
- Bacteriostatic
- Inhibits Bacterial Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Causes Sequential Block of Folate Synthesis
- Used in Combination with Sulfamethoxazole
- Combination Used For Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections
- Shigella
- Salmonella
- Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia
- Decrease in Red and White Blood Cells
- Alleviated with Leucovorin Rescue
Metronidazole
- Bactericidal
- Forms Free Radical Toxic Metabolites
- Damages DNA
- Giardia lamblia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Gardnerella
- Anaerobes
- Metallic taste
- Disulfiram like Reaction with Alcohol