Stephen Shared "Other random genetic disorders" - 20 Picmonics
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Other random genetic disorders
G6PD Deficiency
X-linked Recessive
Hemolytic Anemia
Inflammatory Response
Fava Beans
Sulfonamides
Primaquine
Anti TB Drugs
Heinz Bodies
Bite Cells
Prevalent Among African Americans due to Increased Malarial Resistance
2 mins
G6PD Mechanism
Turns NADP+ to NADPH
NADPH Used by Glutathione Reductase
Detoxifies Free Radicals and Peroxides
X-linked Recessive
2 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Dominant
Chromosome 17
Signs and Symptoms
Neurofibromas
Optic Glioma
Lisch Nodules
Hamartomas
Cafe Au Lait Spots
Scoliosis
Pheochromocytoma
4 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 2
Pathophysiology
Autosomal-Dominant
Chromosome 22
Signs and Symptoms
Vestibular Schwannoma
Meningioma
Ependymoma
Cafe Au Lait Spots
Cataracts
2 mins
Sturge Weber Syndrome
Pathophysiology
GNAQ Gene
Signs and Symptoms
Port Wine Stain
Arterial Venous Malformation
Leptomeningeal Angiomas
Intellectual Disability
Seizures
Pheochromocytoma
Glaucoma
Tram-Track Calcifications
3 mins
Tuberous Sclerosis
Characteristics
Autosomal Dominant
Signs and Symptoms
Hamartomas in CNS and Skin
Phakoma
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
Seizures
Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation)
Adenoma Sebaceum
Shagreen Patch
Ash-leaf Spots
Renal Angiomyolipoma
Cardiac Rhabdomyoma
2 mins
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
Pathophysiology
Chromosome 3
Presentation
Hemangioblastomas
Medulla, Retina, Cerebellum
Cysts
Kidney, Liver, Pancreas
Develop Bilateral Renal Carcinomas
Pheochromocytomas
2 mins
Ataxia Telangiectasia
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
ATM Gene
Defect in DNA repair
Signs & Symptoms
Cerebellar defects
Spider Angiomas
Sensitive to Radiation
Defective Tumor Suppressor Gene
Increased risk of Cancer, Leukemias, and Lymphomas
Increased AFP levels
IgA deficiency
Repeated sinopulmonary infections
2 mins
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Recessive
Integrin CD18 Protein
Defect in LFA-1
Attached to ICAM
Signs and Symptoms
Neutrophilia
Bacterial Infections
Non-Pyogenic
Delayed Separation of Umbilical Cord
2 mins
5 Alpha Reductase Deficiency
Autosomal Recessive
Inability to Convert Testosterone to DHT
Normal Internal Genitalia
Ambiguous External Genitalia until Puberty
Masculinization During Puberty with Growth of External Genitalia
LH can be Increased
Normal Estrogen, LH, and Testosterone levels
2 mins
Androgen Insensitivity (Complete)
Defect in Androgen Receptor
Phenotypically Female
(46, XY)
Female External Genitalia
Rudimentary Vagina
Scant Sexual Hair
Testes Often in Labia Majora
Testes Surgically Removed to Prevent Malignancy
Increased Estrogen, Testosterone, and LH
Absent Uterus and Fallopian Tubes
3 mins
Kallman Syndrome
Mutation in KAL-1 or FGFR-1 Gene
Failure of GnRH Secreting Neurons
Delayed Puberty
Anosmia
Hypogonadism
Infertility
2 mins
Klinefelter's Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Male (XXY)
Signs and Symptoms
Eunuchoid Body Shape
Gynecomastia and Female Hair Distribution
Testicular Atrophy
Dysgenesis of Seminiferous Tubules
Possible Developmental Delay
Hypogonadism
Decreased Inhibin B
Increased FSH
Abnormal Leydig Cell Function
Decreased Testosterone
Increased LH
Increased Estrogen
Barr body (inactivated X chromosome)
6 mins
Turner Syndrome
Signs and Symptoms
Female (XO)
Short stature
Shield Chest
Cystic Hygroma (Webbing of Neck)
Lymphedema in Hands and Feet
Ovarian Dysgenesis
Streak Ovary
Decreased Estrogen
Increased FSH
Increased LH
Dysgerminoma
Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Preductal Coarctation of the Aorta
Horseshoe Kidney
Menopause before Menarche
Amenorrhea
5 mins
Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
Mechanism and Characteristics
T Cell Dysfunction
Candida Albicans
Signs and Symptoms
Infections of Skin
Infections of Mucous Membrane
Susceptible to HPV Infections like Condyloma Acuminatum
42 secs
Thymic Aplasia (DiGeorge Syndrome)
Pathophysiology
DiGeorge Syndrome
22q11 Deletion
Failure to Develop Third and Fourth Pharyngeal Pouches
Signs and Symptoms
Undeveloped Thymus
T Cell Deficiency
Recurrent Viral and Fungal Infections
Undeveloped Parathyroids
Hypocalcemia
Tetany
Aortic Defects
Congenital Heart Defects
Diagnosis
Absent Thymic Shadow on CXR
2 mins
Menopause Symptoms
Symptoms
HAVOCS Mnemonic
Hot Flashes
Atrophy of Vagina
Osteoporosis
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Sleep disturbances
50 secs
MEN 1 (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Dominant
Menin Mutation (Tumor Suppression Gene)
Chromosome 11
Signs and Symptoms
Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors
Pituitary Tumors
Parathyroid Adenomas
2 mins
MEN 2A (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Dominant
RET Gene
Signs and Symptoms
Medullary Thyroid carcinoma
Calcitonin
Parathyroid
Pheochromocytoma
45 secs
MEN 2B (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
Pathophysiology
RET Gene
Autosomal Dominant
Signs and Symptoms
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Mucosal Neuromas
Marfanoid Body Habitus
2 mins
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