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MEDSURG EXAM 1
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological Needs
Oxygen, Water, Nutrition
Body temperature, Elimination, Shelter, Sexual Expression
Safety and Security
Physical Safety
Physiological Safety
Love and Belonging
Affection and Companionship
Esteem
Self Respect and Respect for Others
Self Actualization
Fulfillment
2 mins
The Nursing Process
ADPIE
Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
2 mins
Use of Restraints
Use Guidelines
During Emergency
Protecting From Harm
For Limited Time
Considerations
Last Resort
May Further Agitation
Frequent Observation
Obtain Order Within 1 Hour
Quick-Release Tie
2 mins
Care for the Hard of Hearing
Assessment
Normal: 0-15 dB
Rinne's Test
Weber's Test
Tinnitus
Difficulty Following Conversations
Nursing Considerations
Face Patient/Speak Clearly
Rephrase Misunderstood Statements
Repeat Statements Back
Hearing Aids
Sign Language
2 mins
Care for the Visually Impaired
Assessment
Decreased Visual Acuity
Snellen Chart
Status of Corrective Lenses
Nursing Considerations
Sighted-Guide Technique
Communication
Safe Environment
Medications
Clock Technique for Food
Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
1 min
Arab American Culture
Touch Only When Same Gender
May Request Same Gender Healthcare Provider
Females Avoid Eye Contact with Males
Males Often Make Decisions
Muslims
Infertility Grounds for Divorce
No Organ Donation
2 mins
Asian American Culture
Avoids Direct Eye Contact
Conflict Avoidance
Soft Voice Tone
Males Make Most Decisions
Feet Considered Dirty
Hot-Cold Theory of Illness
Soups and Rice After Birth
2 mins
Mexican American Culture
May Avoid Eye Contact with Authoritative Figures
Family Involved in Decisions
Emotional Bereavement
No Organ Donation
Curandero (Curandera)
Hot-Cold Theory of Illness
Abdominal Binder after Pregnancy
2 mins
Native American Culture
No Direct Eye Contact
No Organ Donation
No Blood Donation
Strong Handshakes Offensive
Tribal Shaman
Navajo Mother Massage Newborn
2 mins
Religion and Dietary Preferences Overview
Buddhism
Natural Foods of Earth
Hinduism
Cow is Sacred
Islam (Muslim)
Halal Foods
No Alcohol
Judaism
Kosher Meals
No Pork or Shellfish
Mormonism (Latter Day Saints)
The Word of Wisdom
1 min
Patient Position Overview
Position Techniques
Trochanter Roll
Trapeze Bar
Ankle-Foot Orthotic (AFO) Devices
Positions
Fowlers Position
Supine Position
Trendelenburg
Side-Lying Position
Prone Position
Sims' Position
Nursing Considerations
Reposition q2 Hours/Prevent Skin Breakdown
Confirm Body Alignment
2 mins
Cane
COAL
Sizing a Cane
Quad Cane
Rubber Tips for Safety
1 min
Immobility
Assessment
Mobility Continuum
Complications
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Musculoskeletal
Integumentary
Gastrointestinal
Urinary
Considerations
Turn, Cough, Deep Breathe (TCDB)
Range of Motion (ROM)
Skin Care
Fluids
Balanced Diet
2 mins
Sizing Crutches
3 Finger Widths
6 Inches Lateral From Heel
30 Degree Flexion
Tripod Position
1 min
Walker
Walker with Affected Leg
Sizing a Walker
Rubber Tips for Safety
55 secs
Interventions for Impaired Skin Integrity
Assessment
Signs of Skin Breakdown
Pain
Redness
Decreased Skin Turgor
Bleeding
Bony Prominences
Intervention
Reposition Q2H
Pressure Relief
Maintain Clean and Dry Skin
Adequate Nutrition and Hydration
2 mins
Braden Scale
Characteristics
Sensory Perception
Moisture
Activity
Mobility
Nutrition
Friction and Shear
2 mins
Pressure Ulcers
Risk Factors
Prolonged Immobilization
Neurologic Disease
Decreased Level of Consciousness
Classification
Stage 1: Intact Skin with Non-blanchable Erythema
Stage 2: Partial Thickness Skin Loss
Stage 3: Full-thickness Skin Loss without Fascial Involvement
Stage 4: Full-thickness Skin Loss with Fascial Involvement
Management
Wound Care
Surgery
Considerations
Septicemia
Osteomyelitis
Prevention
3 mins
Vitamin A (Retinol)
Mechanism
Maintains Mucous Membranes
Eyes and Skin
Indications
Dietary Deficiency
Skin Disorders
Side Effects
Hepatosplenomegaly
Jaundice
Increased ICP
Vomiting
Considerations
Teratogen
Animal Food Products
Dark Green and Orange Fruits/Vegetables
2 mins
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Mechanism
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Indications
Dietary Deficiency
Beriberi
Wernicke-Korsakoff
Considerations
Alcoholics Highest Risk
Give Before Glucose
Give IM or IV
Enriched Whole Grains
Pork
2 mins
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