Adam Shared "Copy of Collaboration for 100% First Aid coverage" - 30 Picmonics
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Copy of Collaboration for 100% First Aid coverage
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
- Pathophysiology
- Defective Nucleotide Excision Repair
- Complications
- Extreme Light Sensitivity
- Dark Freckles on Skin
- Pale, Dry Skin
- Susceptible to UV Rays A and B
- Corneal Ulcers
- Increased Risk of Skin Cancer
- Some Patients Present Progressive Neurodegeneration
2 mins
Hyperchylomicronemia (Type I Familial Dyslipidemia)
- INHERITANCE
- Autosomal Recessive
- PATHOGENESIS
- Lipoprotein Lipase Deficiency (LPL)
- Altered Apolipoprotein C-II (Apo C-II)
- Lab Findings
- Increased Chylomicrons
- Increased Cholesterol
- Increased Triglycerides
- Symptoms/Findings
- Pancreatitis
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- No Increased Risk for Atherosclerosis
- Eruptive/Pruritic Xanthomas
- Milky White Appearance of Blood When Drawn
3 mins
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (Type IIa Familial Dyslipidemia)
- INHERITANCE
- Autosomal Dominant
- PATHOGENESIS
- Defective or Absent LDL Receptors
- Defective Apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100)
- Lab Findings
- Increased LDL
- Decreased HDL
- Type IIb also has Increased VLDL
- Symptoms/Findings
- Accelerated Atherosclerosis
- Achilles Tendon Xanthomas
- Xanthelasma
- Corneal Arcus
4 mins
Dysbetalipoproteinemia (Type III Familial Dyslipidemia)
- INHERITANCE
- Autosomal Recessive
- PATHOGENESIS
- Defective Apolipoprotein E (Apo E)
- Lab Findings
- Increased Chylomicrons
- Increased VLDL
- Symptoms/Findings
- Premature atherosclerosis
- Tuberoeruptive xanthomas
- Palmar xanthomas
3 mins
Hypertriglyceridemia (Type IV Familial Dyslipidemia)
- INHERITANCE
- Autosomal Dominant
- pathogenesis
- Hepatic Overproduction of VLDL
- Related to Insulin Resistance
- Lab Findings
- Increased VLDL
- Increased Triglycerides (> 1000 mg/dL)
- Symptoms/Findings
- Acute Pancreatitis
- Eruptive Xanthomas
- Increased Risk for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
- Increased Risk of Peripheral Vascular Disease
3 mins
Live Vaccines
- Vaccines
- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Sabin Polio (Oral)
- Smallpox
- Yellow Fever
- Influenza Intranasal
- MMR
- MMR: Only Live Attenuated Vaccine That Can Be Given To AIDS Patients
- General Characteristics
- Induce Humoral And Cell Mediated Immunity
- May Revert To Virulent Form
- Do Not Require Boosters
4 mins
Killed Vaccines
- Induce Humoral Immunity
- Require Booster Shots
- Influenza (Injected)
- Salk Polio (Injected)
- Hepatitis A
- Rabies
3 mins
Subunit Vaccines
- Consist of Specific Parts of a Pathogen
- Hepatitis B Antigen
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Pneumococcal Vaccine
- May Require Boosters
- Safe in Immunocompromised Patients
1 min
Toxoid Vaccines
- Consist of Toxins Released From a Pathogen
- May Require Boosters
- Safe In Immunocompromised Patients
- Corynebacterium Diphtheriae Vaccine
- Tetanus Vaccine
- Bordetella Pertussis Vaccine
2 mins
Streptococcus Bovis
- Group D Strep
- Catalase-Negative
- Gram Positive Cocci
- Won't Grow in 6.5% Salt
- Grows In Bile
- Clinical Features
- Endocarditis
- Bacteremia Associated With Liver Disease
- Bacteremia Associated With Colon Cancer
3 mins
Leptospirosis and Weil's disease
- Epidemiology
- Prevalent Among Surfers In Tropics
- Characteristics
- Leptospira interrogans
- Spirochete
- Hooked Shaped Ends
- Water Contaminated With Animal Urine
- Signs and Symptoms
- Myalgias, Especially Of Calves
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Photophobia
- Conjunctival Suffusion
- Weils disease
- Liver And Kidney Dysfunction
- Jaundice
- Hemorrhage
- Anemia
3 mins
Trichinella spiralis
- Characteristics
- Nematode
- Mode of transmission
- Undercooked Meat (Especially Pork)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Larvae Enter Bloodstream And Encyst In Striated Muscle
- Nause And Vomiting
- Myalgia
- Fever
- Eosinophilia
- Periorbital Edema
- Treatments
- Albendazole And Prenidonse
2 mins
AV Heart Blocks
- First Degree
- First Degree: PR> 200 Milliseconds
- No Treatment Needed
- Second Degree
- Mobitz I (Wenkebach): Progressive Lengthening of PR Intervals Leading to Dropped Beat
- Exercise Improves, Vagal Maneuvers Worsen
- Mobitz II: Dropped Beats With No Preceding PR Prolongation
- Atropine
- Electrical pacing
- Third Degree
- Third Degree (complete): P Waves and QRS Beat Independently
- Treated With Pacing
- Lyme Disease Can Cause 3rd Degree Block
2 mins
Brugada Syndrome
- Defective Myocardial Sodium Channels
- Predominance in Asian Males
- Autosomal Dominant
- Pseudo-Right Bundle Branch Block Pattern
- Persistent ST Elevations in Leads V1-V2
- Risk of VTACH and Sudden Cardiac Death
- Syncope
- Management
- ICD
- Antiarrhythmics
3 mins
Foregut Blood Supply and Innervation
- Foregut Structures
- Pharynx
- Lower Esophagus
- Proximal Duodenum
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
- Spleen
- Supply
- Vagus Nerve
- Celiac Artery
3 mins
Midgut Blood Supply and Innervation
- Distal Duodenum
- Ligament of Treitz
- To the Proximal 2/3 of Transverse Colon
- Supply
- Vagus Nerve
- Superior Mesenteric Artery
2 mins
Hindgut Blood Supply and Innervation
- Distal 1/3 of Transverse Colon
- Upper Rectum
- Pectinate Line
- Inferior Mesenteric Artery
- Pelvic Plexus
2 mins
Inguinal Canal
- 2MALT
- 2 Muscles Form the Roof
- Internal Oblique
- Transverse Abdominus Muscle
- 2 Aponeuroses Form the Anterior Wall
- External and Internal Abdominal Oblique Aponeuroses
- 2 Ligaments Form Floor
- Lacunar Ligament
- Inguinal Ligament
- 2 T's Form the Posterior Wall
- Transversalis Fascia
- Conjoint Tendon
- Deep Ring is Defect in Transversalis Fascia
- Superficial Ring is Formed by Defect in the External Abdominal Oblique Aponeurosis
4 mins
Gallstones
- Cholelithiasis
- Pathophysiology
- Increased Bilirubin
- Increased Cholesterol
- Stasis
- Decreased Bile Salts
- Cholesterol Gallstones
- Cholesterol Stones Are The Most Common
- Radiolucent
- Fat, Female, Fertile, Forty, Fair Complexion
- Crohn´s Disease
- Rapid Weight Loss
- Estrogen Therapy
- Native American
- Pigmented Stones
- Pigmented Gallstones
- Hemolysis: Black Stones
- Radiopaque
- Infection: Brown Stones
- Diagnosis
- Ultrasound
- Treatment
- Cholecystectomy
4 mins
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- Features
- Most common cause of thrombocytopenia
- IgG against platelet gpIIb/IIIa
- Divided into acute and chronic forms
- Acute arises in children after a viral infection/immunization
- Chronic form arises in women of childbearing age
- Symptoms/Diagnosis
- Bleeding
- Petechia
- Isolated Thrombocytopenia
- Increased megakaryocytes on bone marrow biopsy
- Diagnosis of Exclusion
- Management
- Corticosteroids
- IVIG
- Splenectomy in refractory cases
- Associated Conditions
- HIV
- Hepatitis C
- CLL
- SLE
2 mins
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