Joel Shared "Hematology and Oncology Pharmacology" - 25 Picmonics
With Picmonic, facts become pictures. We've taken what the science shows - image mnemonics work - but we've boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and built-in quizzing. Whether you're studying for your classes or getting ready for a big exam, we're here to help.
Hematology and Oncology Pharmacology
Heparin Mechanisms
Mechanism of Action
Short Half-life
Antithrombin Activation Cofactor
Decrease Thrombin, Factor Xa
Side Effects
Bleeding
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Antidote
Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Warfarin
Mechanism of Action
Interferes with Vitamin K-dependent Clotting Factors
Extrinsic Pathway
Bridge with Heparin
Indications
Chronic Anticoagulation
Side Effects
Bleeding
Necrosis
Cytochrome P450
Contraindications
Pregnancy
Antidote
FFP + Vitamin K
2 mins
Methotrexate
Indications
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Cancer
Medical Abortion
Mechanism
Folic Acid Analog
Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
Side Effects
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
Macrocytic Anemia
Hepatitis
Teratogenic
Mucositis
2 mins
Heparin Indications
Indications
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Prophylaxis
Pulmonary Embolism
Atrial Fibrillation
Used during Pregnancy
1 min
Tamoxifen
Mechanism of Action
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
Antagonist on Breast Tissue
Indications
ER-positive Breast Cancer
Side Effects
Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis
Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
1 min
Aromatase Inhibitors
Indications
Estrogen Receptor-positive (ER+) Breast Tumors
Systemic Metastases
Drugs
Reversible, non-steroid
Letrozole
Anastrozole
Irreversible, steroid
Exemestane
Side Effects
Osteoporosis
Arthritis
1 min
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Clotting Factors
Factor Xa
Indications
Clot Formation Prevention
Side Effects
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Bleeding
Considerations
Medication Education
Subcutaneous Injection
2 Inches from Umbilicus or Incisions
Antidote
Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Imatinib (Gleevec)
Indications
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Inhibitor of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase
Caused by Philadelphia Chromosome
GI Stromal Tumors
Inhibitor of C-kit Tyrosine Kinase
Toxicity
Fluid Retention
1 min
Bleomycin
Indications
Testicular Cancer
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Mechanism of Action
Induces Free Radical Formation
Breaks in DNA Strands
Side Effects
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Skin Changes
Mucositis
1 min
Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D)
Indications
Wilms' Tumor
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Ewing's Sarcoma
Gestational Trophoblastic Malignancy
Mechanism
Intercalates DNA
Side Effect
Myelosuppression
1 min
Cisplatin
Indications
Carcinomas
Ovarian
Bladder
Lung
Testicular
Mechanism
Cross-Links DNA
Side Effects
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Treat with Amifostine and Chloride Diuresis
2 mins
Trastuzumab
Indications
HER-2+ Breast Cancer
Stomach Cancer
Mechanism
Monoclonal Antibody Against HER-2
Inhibition of Cellular Signaling
Cytotoxicity
Side effects
Cardiotoxicity
1 min
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
Indications
Solid Tumors
Lymphomas and Leukemias
Mechanism
Free Radical Production
Intercalates DNA
Prevents Double Helix from Sealing
Side Effect
Cardiotoxicity
Dexrazoxane Decreases Toxicity
1 min
Busulfan
Indications
CML
Bone Marrow Ablation
Mechanism
Cross-Links DNA
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Hyperpigmentation
55 secs
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Mechanism
ADP Receptor Antagonist
Prevent Platelet Aggregation
Indications
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Prevention of Thrombotic Events
Side Effects
Bleeding
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
Pancytopenia
Abdominal Pain
Considerations
Withhold Before Surgery
2 mins
Erythropoietin
Mechanism
Stimulates RBC Production
Indications
Chronic Renal Failure
Anemia
Side Effects
Increased Risk of Thrombosis
Pelvic and Limb Pain
Hypertension
Considerations
Do Not Shake
Monitor Hemoglobin (Hgb) Weekly
May Accelerate Tumor Progression
2 mins
Alteplase
Mechanism
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Indications
Thrombosis
Side Effects
Bleeding
Contraindications
Intracranial Hemorrhage
Internal Hemorrhaging
Considerations
Minimize Bleeding
Monitor for Shock
Antidote
Aminocaproic Acid
2 mins
Vincristine (Oncovin)
Mechanism
Vinca Alkaloid
Inhibits Microtubules
Indications
Leukemias
Lymphomas
Side Effects
Peripheral Neuropathy
Paralytic Ileus
Considerations
Vesicant
2 mins
Ticlopidine (Ticlid)
Mechanism
ADP Receptor Antagonist
Irreversibly Inhibits Platelet Aggregation
Indications
Thrombotic Event Prevention
Side Effects
Neutropenia
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
GI Distress
Rash
Considerations
Withhold Before Surgery
Monitor Blood Count
2 mins
Cyclophosphamide
Mechanism
Requires Bioactivation by Liver
Cross-links DNA
Guanine N7 Position
Indications
Autoimmune Disorders
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Solid Tumors
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Prevent with Mesna
3 mins
Ace Your Medicine (MD/DO) Classes & Exams with Picmonic:
Over 1,940,000 students use Picmonic’s picture mnemonics to improve knowledge, retention, and exam performance.
Choose the #1 Medicine (MD/DO) student study app.
Picmonic for Medicine (MD/DO) covers information that is relevant to your entire Medicine (MD/DO) education. Whether you’re studying for your classes or getting ready to conquer the USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2 CK, COMLEX Level 1, or COMLEX Level 2, we’re here to help.
Works better than traditional Medicine (MD/DO) flashcards.
Research shows that students who use Picmonic see a 331% improvement in memory retention and a 50% improvement in test scores.