Joel Shared "Endocrine Diseases/Genetic Disorders" - 27 Picmonics
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Endocrine Diseases/Genetic Disorders
Cushing's Syndrome Characteristics
- More Common in Women
- Exogenous Etiologies
- Glucocorticoids
- Endogenous Etiologies
- Decreased ACTH
- Primary Adrenal Disease
- Increased ACTH
- Pituitary Adenoma (Cushing's Disease)
- Paraneoplastic: Small Cell Carcinoma
- CRF-releasing Tumors
2 mins
Cushing's Syndrome Symptoms And Diagnosis
- Symptoms/Findings
- Osteoporosis
- Amenorrhea
- Truncal Obesity
- Skin Changes
- Buffalo Hump
- Immune Suppression
- Moon Facies
- Hypertension
- Decreased Insulin Sensitivity
- Diagnosis
- 24-hour urine free Cortisol
- Dexamethasone Suppression Test
2 mins
Addison's Disease
- Mechanism
- Chronic 1° Adrenal Insufficiency
- Atrophy
- Destruction
- Symptoms
- Deficiency In Cortisol And Aldosterone
- Skin Hyperpigmentation
- Increased POMC
- Hypotension
- Hyperkalemia
- Acidosis
- Addisonian Crisis
- Diagnosis
- ACTH (Cosyntropin) Stimulation Test
- Treatment
- Exogenous Cortisol
2 mins
Pheochromocytoma
- Cause/Mechanism
- Adrenal Medulla Tumor
- Increased Catecholamines
- Assessment
- Episodic Hypertension
- Diaphoresis
- Abdominal or Chest Pain
- Interventions
- Surgery
- Antihypertensives
- Phenoxybenzamine
- Metyrosine (Demser)
- Considerations
- Do Not Palpate Abdomen
3 mins
17 Alpha Hydroxylase Deficiency
- Decreased Cortisol
- Decreased Sex Hormones
- Increased Mineralocorticoids (DOC)
- Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- XY Externally Phenotypic Female
- No Internal Reproductive Structures Due to Mullerian Inhibitory Factor
- XX Externally Phenotypic Female
- Sexual Infantilism
2 mins
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Decreased Cortisol
- Increased 17 Hydroxyprogesterone
- Decreased Aldosterone
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypotension
- Increased Renin
- Hyperkalemia
- Female Pseudohermaphroditism
2 mins
11 Beta-Hydroxylase Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Decreased Cortisol
- Decreased Aldosterone
- Increased Sex Hormones
- Increased 11 Deoxycorticosterone (11 DOC)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypertension
- Masculinization
1 min
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Signs and Symptoms
- Kussmaul respirations
- Dehydration
- Abdominal Pain
- Nausea/vomiting
- Psychosis
- Fruity breath Odor
1 min
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Diagnosis and Labs
- Diagnosis
- Blood glucose Increased > 250 mg/dL
- Anion gap metabolic acidosis
- Decreased pH < 7.3
- Decreased serum bicarbonate < 18
- Plasma ketones
- Other Labs
- Hyperkalemia
1 min
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Treatment
- Initial Management
- IV Normal Saline
- Regular Insulin Drip
- Subsequent Management (correction of electrolytes)
- Potassium (K+)
- Glucose
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Monitoring
- Venous pH
- Serum Bicarbonate (HCO3)
1 min
Acromegaly Assessment
- Mechanism
- Excess Growth Hormone (GH)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Protruding Jaw
- Large Lips and Nose
- Hearing Loss
- Enlargement of Hands and Feet
- Vision Changes and Headache
- Joint Pain
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Hyperglycemia
2 mins
Syndrome Of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
- Pathophysiology
- Hypersecretion of ADH
- Increased Sensitivity to ADH
- Signs & Symptoms
- Serum Hypoosmolality
- Coma and Seizure
- Dilutional Hyponatremia
- Cramps and Tremors
- Euvolemia
- Change in LOC
2 mins
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) Nonpharmacologic Interventions
- Monitor Serum and Urine Osmolality
- IandOs with Daily Weights
- Restrict Fluid Intake
- Monitor Cardiovascular and Neurological Status
- Seizure Precautions
2 mins
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) Pharmacologic Interventions
- Diuretics
- Hypertonic IV Fluids
- Demeclocycline
- Tolvaptan and Conivaptan
1 min
MEN 1 (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Menin Mutation (Tumor Suppression Gene)
- Chromosome 11
- Signs and Symptoms
- Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors
- Pituitary Tumors
- Parathyroid Adenomas
2 mins
MEN 2A (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- RET Gene
- Signs and Symptoms
- Medullary Thyroid carcinoma
- Calcitonin
- Parathyroid
- Pheochromocytoma
45 secs
MEN 2B (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
- Pathophysiology
- RET Gene
- Autosomal Dominant
- Signs and Symptoms
- Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
- Pheochromocytoma
- Mucosal Neuromas
- Marfanoid Body Habitus
2 mins
Graves' Disease Characteristics
- Women 20-40 years old
- Pathophysiology
- Anti-TSH Receptor Antibodies
- Symptoms
- Ophthalmopathy
- Exophthalmos
- Hyperthyroidism
- Goiter
- Pretibial Myxedema
1 min
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
- Symptoms
- Hypothyroidism with Bouts of Hyperthyroidism
- Enlarged, Nontender Thyroid
- Mechanism
- Autoimmune
- Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO)
- Anti-Thyroglobulin
- Lab Findings
- Hurthle Cells
- Lymphoid Follicles
- Associations
- HLA-DR5 and HLA-DR3
- Increased Risk Of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
2 mins
Graves' Disease Labs and Treatment
- Labs
- Decreased TSH
- Increased T3
- Increased T4
- Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
- Treatment
- Beta blocker
- Methimazole
- Radioiodine Ablation
1 min
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