Alicia Shared "Neuro" - 121 Picmonics
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Neuro
Autonomic Nervous System
- Characteristics
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Fight or Flight
- All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
- Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
- Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
- Rest and Digest
- Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
2 mins
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Procedure
- Internal Body Images
- Detects Variations of Soft Tissues
- Considerations
- No Metal Objects
- No Pacemakers
- Contrast is Non-Iodine
- Safe During Pregnancy
- Long Procedure
- Antianxiety Medications
2 mins
Lumbar Puncture
- Indications
- CSF Sample
- CSF Pressure
- Considerations
- Empty Bladder
- Side-lying Position
- Between 3rd and 4th Lumbar Vertebrae
- Number Tubes
- Supine Position After Procedure
- Contraindications
- Increased ICP (Intracranial Pressure)
- Infection at Puncture Site
2 mins
Level of Consciousness: Descriptive guide for Glasgow Coma Scale
- Conscious
- Confused
- Delirious
- Somnolent
- Obtunded
- Stuporous
- Comatose
3 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Headache
- Cushings Triad
- Irregular Respirations
- Widening Pulse Pressure
- Bradycardia
- Projectile Vomiting
- Abnormal Pupils
- Papilledema
- Posturing
2 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Interventions
- Interventions
- Elevate Head Of Bed
- Foley Catheter
- Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- High Dose Barbiturates
- Passive Hyperventilation
- Dexamethasone (Neoplasm or Infection)
- Considerations
- Neuro Assessment
- Maintain Normal Temperature
- Avoid Activities That Increase ICP
- Intracranial Monitoring System
2 mins
Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment
- Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Personality Changes
- Amnesia
- Increased Intracranial Pressure
- Diplopia
- Posturing
- Location of Injury
- Basilar Skull Fracture
- Halo or Ring Sign
- Considerations
- Intracranial Bleeding
2 mins
Types of Head Injuries
- Open Head Injury
- Linear Fracture
- Comminuted Fracture
- Depressed Fracture
- Open Fracture
- Basilar Skull Fracture
- Closed Head Injury
- Coup and Contrecoup
- Brain Contusion
- Concussion
2 mins
Autonomic Dysreflexia
- Injury Above T6
- Assessment
- Paroxysmal Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Diaphoresis
- Flushing Above Lesion
- Piloerection
- Nasal Congestion
- Headache
- Interventions
- Elevate Head of Bed
- Remove Noxious Stimuli
2 mins
Types of Seizures
- Tonic-Clonic
- Tonic
- Clonic
- Absence (Petit Mal)
- Myoclonic
- Atonic
- Partial (Focal) Seizure
- Focal Aware (Formerly Called Simple Partial)
- Focal Impaired Awareness (Formerly Called Complex Partial)
3 mins
Seizure Interventions
- Maintain Airway
- Side-lying Position
- Support Head
- Move to Floor
- Benzodiazepines
- Considerations
- Never Restrain
- No Objects in Mouth
- Document Details
2 mins
Types of Strokes
- Warning Signs
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
- Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)
- Types
- Ischemic
- Thrombotic
- Atherosclerosis
- Embolic
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Hemorrhagic
- Severe Hypertension
3 mins
Left Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
- Side to Side Discrimination
- Aphasia
- Agraphia
- Slow Performance
- Aware of Deficits
- Anxiety
- Depression
2 mins
Right Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
- Poor Proprioception
- Disoriented to Person, Place, Time
- Can't Recognize Faces (Prosopagnosia)
- Loss of Judgement and Awareness
- Impulsiveness
- Personality Changes
- Tonal Hearing Loss
2 mins
Multiple Sclerosis Assessment
- Cause/Mechanism
- Nerve Fiber Demyelination
- Assessment
- Motor Issues
- Cerebellar Signs
- Fatigue
- Paresthesias
- Spasticity
- Urinary Incontinence
- Optic Neuritis
- Considerations
- Women Between 20-50 Years Old
- Relapse and Remission of Symptoms
2 mins
Multiple Sclerosis Interventions
- Drug Therapy
- Corticosteroids
- Interferon Beta
- Dimethyl Fumarate (Tecfidera)
- Fingolimod (Gilenya)
- Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)
- Natalizumab (Tysabri)
- Considerations
- Increase Exercise
- Identify Triggers
2 mins
Myasthenia Gravis Assessment
- Weakness with Muscle Use
- Diplopia
- Ptosis
- Dysphagia
- Difficulty Speaking
- Fatigue
- Complications
- Cholinergic Crisis
- Overmedicated
- Myasthenic Crisis
- Not Enough Medication
- Respiratory Muscle Paralysis
2 mins
Indirect Cholinomimetics
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Doesn't Cross BBB
- Edrophonium
- Myasthenia Gravis (Diagnosis)
- Pyridostigmine and Neostigmine
- Myasthenia Gravis (Tx)
- Ileus
- Crosses BBB
- Physostigmine
- Atropine Overdose
- Glaucoma
- Donepezil
- Alzheimer's
2 mins
Parkinson's Disease Assessment
- Assessment
- Decreased Dopamine
- Older Adult
- Cogwheel Rigidity
- Bradykinesia
- Shuffling Gait
- Resting Tremor
- Pill-Rolling
- Mask-Like Face
- Cognitive Decline
2 mins
Parkinson's Disease Interventions
- Medications
- Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
- Entacapone (Comtan)
- Selegiline (Eldepryl)
- Amantadine (Symmetrel)
- Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
- Benztropine (Cogentin)
- Considerations
- Allow Extra Time
- Ensure Patient Safety
- Surgery As Last Resort
2 mins
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