EMILY Shared "gi test" - 46 Picmonics
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gi test
GI Absorption
- Stomach
- Alcohol
- Duodenum
- Iron
- Jejunum
- Folate
- Terminal Ileum
- Vitamin B12
- Bile Resorption
1 min
Oral Cavity
- Characteristics
- Mouth
- Mechanical Digestion
- Salivary Amylase Begins Carbohydrate Breakdown
- Lingual Lipase Begins Lipid Breakdown
- Esophagus
- Bolus
- Peristalsis
1 min
Stomach Digestion
- Characteristics
- Chief Cells Secrete Pepsinogen
- Pepsinogen Turned to Pepsin By H+
- Protein Breakdown Begins
- Mucous Cells Secrete Mucus and Bicarbonate
- G Cells Secrete Gastrin
- Gastrin Stimulates Parietal Cell HCl Release
- Parietal Cells Secrete Intrinsic Factor
2 mins
Small Intestine Absorption
- Characteristics
- Carbohydrates Undergo Active Transport
- Amino Acids Undergo Active Transport
- Small Lipids Undergo Passive Diffusion
- Epithelial Cells
- Intestinal Capillaries
- Hepatic Portal Transports Nutrients
- Liver
- Large Lipids Transported as Chylomicrons
- Lacteals Transport Chylomicrons
2 mins
Small Intestine Digestion
- Brush border enzymes
- Pancreatic Enzymes are secreted via a Duct
- Pancreas secretes bicarbonate
- Brush Border activates Pancreatic Trypsin
- Trypsin activates Chymotrypsin
- Trypsin and Chymotrypsin digest Proteins
- Gallbladder Releases Bile
- Pancreatic Lipase breaks down Lipids
- Goblet cells secrete mucus
- Pancreatic Amylase breaks down Carbohydrates
- Pancreatic Nucleases breakdown DNA/RNA
- Digestion occurs in the Duodenum
2 mins
Large Intestine
- Characteristics
- Colon
- Electrolyte Reabsorption
- Water Reabsorption
- Microflora Produce Vitamins
- Rectum Stores Feces
1 min
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Assessment
- Pathophysiology
- Relaxed Lower Esophageal Sphincter
- Signs and Symptoms
- Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
- Belching
- Nighttime Coughing
- Dysphagia
- Epigastric Pain
- Regurgitation
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Globus
2 mins
Barrett's Esophagus
- Histological findings
- Metaplasia in Lower Esophagus
- Columnar Epithelium
- Associated Pathologies
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Esophagitis
- Esophageal Ulcers
- Increased Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
1 min
Mallory-Weiss
- Characteristics
- Bleeding From Tears in Mucosa
- Forceful Vomiting
- Alcoholism
- Eating Disorders (Bulimia)
- Painful Hematemesis
- Diagnosis
- Endoscopy
- Management
- Observation
2 mins
Boerhaave Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Esophageal Rupture
- Increased Esophageal Pressure while Vomiting
- Lower 1/3 of Esophagus
- Signs and Symptoms
- Chest Pain
- Odynophagia
- Subcutaneous Emphysema
- Management
- Shock
- Surgical Emergency
2 mins
Tracheoesophageal Fistula (TEF)
- Cause
- Esophageal Atresia
- Ends in Blind Pouch
- Assessment
- Coughing
- Choking
- Cyanosis
- Drooling
- Considerations
- NPO
- Surgical Emergency
- Aspiration Pneumonia
2 mins
Peptic Ulcer Disease Interventions
- Combination Drug Therapy
- Two Antibiotics
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Decrease Acid Secretion
- Avoid NSAIDs
- Diet and Lifestyle Changes
1 min
Peptic Ulcer Disease Assessment
- Mechanism/Cause
- Helicobacter Pylori
- Increased Stomach Acid
- Assessment
- Abdominal Pain
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Melena
- Weight Changes
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Most Commonly in Duodenum
- Duodenal: Pain Relieved by Eating
- Gastric: Pain Caused by Eating
2 mins
Gastroenteritis
- Cause/Mechanism
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Food Intolerances
- Assessment
- Flu-Like Symptoms
- GI Distress
- Bloody Stool
- Interventions
- Oral Rehydration
- Considerations
- Self-Limiting
- Prevention
2 mins
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Hypertrophied Pylorus
- Risk Factor
- Macrolide Use
- Assessment
- 3-6 Weeks of Age
- Projectile Vomiting After Feeding
- No Pain or Discomfort
- Weight Loss
- Dehydration
- Hungry Baby
- Olive Mass
2 mins
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) Interventions
- Treatment
- Pyloromyotomy
- Preoperative Care
- Stabilize Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
- Nasogastric Tube
- Monitor Feeding
- Postoperative Care
- Start Formula or Breastfeeding Within 24 Hours
- Feedings Every 4-6 hours
- Full Feeding Within 2 days
2 mins
Colorectal Cancer Assessment
- 3rd Most Common Cancer
- Assessment
- Change in Bowel Habits
- Bowel Obstruction
- Rectal Bleeding
- Anemia
- Weight Loss
- Ascites
- Considerations
- Colonoscopy
- FOBT and FIT
2 mins
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Assessment
- Abdominal Pain
- Relieved by Defecation
- Alternating Diarrhea and Constipation
- Fatigue
- Excessive Flatulence
- Sensation of Incomplete Evacuation
- Considerations
- Stressors
- Food Intolerances
- More Common in Women
- Rule Out Other Disorders
2 mins
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Interventions
- Interventions
- Identify Triggers
- Increase Fiber Intake
- Probiotics
- Anticholinergics
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Loperamide
- Linaclotide
- Medications for Women
- Tegaserod (Zelnorm)
- Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
- Alosetron (Lotronex)
2 mins
Types of Hernias
- Hiatal
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Inguinal
- Men
- Femoral
- Women
- Incisional
- Umbilical
- Consideration
- Strangulation
1 min
