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Natalie Shared "Endocrine System - Patho" - 26 Picmonics

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Endocrine System - Patho

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Mechanism
Synthetic T4
Indications
Hypothyroidism
Side Effects
Thyrotoxicosis
Tremors
Heat Intolerance
Insomnia
Tachycardia
Considerations
Do Not Use for Obesity
TSH Monitoring
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2 mins
Thyroid Gland
Characteristics
TSH Stimulates T3 and T4 Release
Metabolism Regulation
Blood Calcium Sensor
Calcitonin Release
Blood Calcium Decreases
Bone Building
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2 mins
Graves' Disease Characteristics
Women 20-40 years old
Pathophysiology
Anti-TSH Receptor Antibodies
Symptoms
Ophthalmopathy
Exophthalmos
Hyperthyroidism
Goiter
Pretibial Myxedema
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1 min
Graves' Disease Labs and Treatment
Labs
Decreased TSH
Increased T3
Increased T4
Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
Treatment
Beta blocker
Methimazole
Radioiodine Ablation
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1 min
Hyperthyroidism Assessment
Assessment
Heat Intolerance
Exophthalmos
Warm, Moist Skin and Silky Hair
Tremors
Goiter
Diarrhea
Weight Loss
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Amenorrhea
Diagnosis
Decreased TSH with Elevated Free T4
Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
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2 mins
Hyperthyroidism Interventions
Drug Therapy
Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Methimazole (Tapazole)
Iodine
Beta Blockers
Other Therapies
Radioiodine Ablation
Thyroidectomy
Complications
Thyrotoxicosis
Post-Surgery Hypocalcemia
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2 mins
Hypothyroidism Assessment
Assessment
Weight Gain - Edema
Lethargy
Cold Intolerance
Bradycardia
Hypertension
Brittle Nails and Dry Skin
Constipation
Goiter
Prolonged Menses
Slowed Thinking
Diagnostic Tests
Decreased Free T4
Increased TSH
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2 mins
Hypothyroidism Intervention
Medications
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Liothyronine (Cytomel)
Complication
Myxedema Coma
Nursing Considerations
Lifelong Replacement Hormone
Monitor Vital Signs
Fluids and Fiber
Low Calorie, Low Fat Diet
Medication Education
No Switching Brands
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2 mins
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Symptoms
Hypothyroidism with Bouts of Hyperthyroidism
Enlarged, Nontender Thyroid
Mechanism
Autoimmune
Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO)
Anti-Thyroglobulin
Lab Findings
Hurthle Cells
Lymphoid Follicles
Associations
HLA-DR5 and HLA-DR3
Increased Risk Of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
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2 mins
Adrenal Gland (Basic)
Characteristics
Adrenal Cortex
RAAS Stimulates Aldosterone
CRF (CRH) acts on Anterior Pituitary Gland to Release ACTH
Cortisol Released
Androgens Released
Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine
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2 mins
Addison's Disease Assessment
Assessment
Deficiency of Cortisol and Aldosterone
Irritability
Hyperkalemia
Muscle Weakness
Skin Hyperpigmentation
Hyponatremia
Hypotension
Hypoglycemia
Considerations
Addisonian Crisis
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2 mins
Addison's Disease Intervention
Drug Therapy
Hydrocortisone
2/3 Dose in Morning
1/3 Dose in Late Afternoon
Fludrocortisone
Androgen Replacement Therapy
Considerations
Salt Additives
Increase Dosage During Stress and Infection
Medic Alert Bracelet
Lifelong Hormone Therapy
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2 mins
Cushing's Syndrome Assessment
Assessment
Increased Cortisol Levels
Truncal Obesity
Purple Abdominal Striae
Buffalo Hump
Decreased Bone Density
Moon Face
Thinning Skin
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
Considerations
Long Term Glucocorticoid Use
Immunosuppression
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2 mins
Diabetes Insipidus Assessment
Polyuria
Nocturia
Low Specific Gravity (USG)
Polydipsia
Dehydration
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Confusion
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2 mins
Syndrome Of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
Pathophysiology
Hypersecretion of ADH
Increased Sensitivity to ADH
Signs & Symptoms
Serum Hypoosmolality
Coma and Seizure
Dilutional Hyponatremia
Cramps and Tremors
Euvolemia
Change in LOC
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2 mins
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) Pharmacologic Interventions
Diuretics
Hypertonic IV Fluids
Demeclocycline
Tolvaptan and Conivaptan
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1 min
Parathyroid Gland
Characteristics
Blood Calcium Sensor
Parathyroid Hormone
Bone Resorption
Blood Calcium Increases
Vitamin D Activation
Calcium Absorption From The Small Intestine
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1 min
Hypoparathyroidism
Assessment
Hypocalcemia
Lethargy
Tetany
Arrhythmias
Diagnostic Tests
Decreased Calcium and Increased Phosphorus
Considerations
IV Calcium Chloride
Rebreather Mask
Lifelong Medications
Oral Calcium Supplements with Vitamin D
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2 mins
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Assessment
Hypercalcemia
Kidney Stones
Osteoporosis
Arrhythmias
Diagnostic Tests
Increased Calcium and Decreased Phosphorus
Considerations
Prevent Injury
Medication Education
Surgery
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1 min
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Assessment
Assessment
Men Over 50
Enlarged Prostate Gland
Urinary Retention
Weak Urine Stream
Frequency
Urgency
Nocturia
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1 min

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