Matthew Shared "ORD Exam 2 - Derm" - 54 Picmonics
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ORD Exam 2 - Derm
Skin Anatomy
- Characteristics
- Epidermis
- Keratinocytes
- Melanocytes
- Dendritic Cells
- Merkel Cells
- Dermis
- Sweat Glands
- Hair Follicles
- Sebaceous Glands
- Hypodermis
3 mins
Atopic Dermatitis / Eczema
- Presentation
- Pruritic Vesicles
- Inflammatory Skin Rash
- Cheeks in Children
- Skin Flexural Areas
- Associated with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
- Treatment
- Tacrolimus
- Moisturizers
- Corticosteroids
- Phototherapy
- Avoid Triggers
- Antihistamines
2 mins
Psoriasis
- Presentation
- Epidermal Hyperproliferation Keratinocytes
- Defined Red Salmon Plaques
- Silvery Scales
- Extensor Surfaces
- Bleeding when Removed
- Auspitz Sign
- Pruritus
- Nail Changes
- Histological Finding
- Munro Microabscesses
- Nucleated Cells in Stratum Corneum
- Treatment
- Retinoids
- Topical Corticosteroids
- Tar
- Immunosuppressants
2 mins
Lichen Planus
- Pathophysiology
- Mucocutaneous Disorder
- 30-60 year olds
- Signs & Symptoms
- Pruritic
- Plaques or Papules
- Purple & Polygonal
- Often Mucosal or Genital Involvement
- Wickham Striae
- Diagnosis
- Biopsy
- Sawtooth Infiltrate of Lymphocytes
- Treatment
- Topical Corticosteroids
- Considerations
- Hepatitis C Association
2 mins
Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea versicolor)
- Mechanism
- Lipid-Dependent Fungus
- Fatty Acids Damage Melanocytes
- Malassezia Furfur
- Hot, Humid Weather
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypopigmentation
- Hyperpigmented Patches
- Diagnosis
- Spaghetti and Meatball Appearance on KOH Prep
- Fragmented Hyphae with Clusters of Yeast
- Treatment
- Topical or Oral Antifungals
- Selenium Sulfide
- Zinc
4 mins
Pityriasis Rosea
- Preceded by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
- Single "Herald Patch"
- "Christmas Tree" Distribution
- Plaques with Collarette Scale
- Self-resolving in 6-8 Weeks
2 mins
Leishmania donovani
- Pathophysiology
- Protozoan
- Visceral Leishmaniasis
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Spiking Fevers
- Skin Pigmentation
- Sandfly
- Diagnosis
- Macrophages with Amastigotes
- Treatment
- Amphotericin B
- Oral Miltefosine
2 mins
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
- Rickettsia rickettsii
- Dermacentor Wood Tick
- Endemic to East Coast
- Fever
- Headache
- Rash Starts on Wrist and Ankle
- Rash migrates towards the trunk
- Thrombocytopenia
- Hyponatremia
- Elevated liver enzymes
59 secs
Borrelia burgdorferi
- Characteristics
- Lyme Disease
- Spirochete
- Dark-field Microscopy
- Giemsa Stain
- Silver Stain
- White-footed Mouse
- Ixodes Tick
- Babesia
- Anaplasmosis
- Signs & Symptoms
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Erythema Migrans
- Bulls Eye Rash
- Bilateral Bell's Palsy
- Conduction Defects
- Arthropathy
- Treatments
- Doxycycline
- Ceftriaxone
3 mins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Mycolic Acid Cell Wall
- Acid-fast
- Carbolfuchsin Stain Red
- Lowenstein-Jensen Agar
- Serpentine Cord Factor
- Primary TB
- Primary TB
- Caseating Granuloma
- Ghon Focus
- Hilar Lymph Nodes
- Ghon Complex
- Reactivation TB
- Reactivation TB
- Reactivation in Apex
3 mins
Mycobacterium leprae
- Characteristics
- Acid-Fast
- Aerobic
- Likes Cool Temperature
- Diagnosis by Skin Biopsy or PCR
- Lepromatous Leprosy
- Th2 Response
- Leonine Facies
- Tuberculoid Leprosy
- TH1 Response
- Hypoesthetic Skin Plaques
- Granulomatous Response
- Treatment
- Dapsone
- Rifampin
- Clofazimine
2 mins
Meningitis Assessment
- Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Fever
- Nuchal Rigidity
- Severe Headache
- Purpura
- Seizures
- Photophobia
- Infants and Young Children
- Opisthotonus Position
- High-Pitched Cry
- Bulging Fontanel
2 mins
Neisseria Meningitidis
- Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Diplococci
- Chocolate Agar
- Thayer-Martin Media
- VPN
- Oxidase-Positive
- Maltose Fermentation
- Glucose Fermentation
- Endotoxin
- Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in Membrane
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- IgA Protease
- Disease
- Waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Petechial Rash
- Treatments
- Ceftriaxone
- Rifampin Prophylaxis
5 mins
Bartonella henselae
- Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Pleomorphic
- Bacillus
- Signs and Symptoms
- Cat Scratch Fever
- Lymphadenopathy
- Bacillary Angiomatosis
- Patients with AIDS
- Mimics Kaposi Sarcoma
- Benign
- Reactive Arthritis
- Non-Caseating Granuloma
2 mins
Francisella tularensis
- Mechanism
- Contact with Infected Animals
- Dermacentor Wood Tick
- Deer Fly
- Characteristics
- Gram-Negative
- Coccobacilli
- Facultative Intracellular
- Charcoal Yeast Agar with Cysteine and Iron
- Signs and Symptoms
- Ulceration
- Fever
- Painful Lymphadenopathy
- Caseating Granulomas
- Treatment
- Streptomycin
3 mins
Pemphigus Vulgaris
- Pathophysiology
- Autoantibodies against desmosomes
- Symptoms
- Flaccid Bullae on Skin
- Oral Mucosa Involvement
- Intraepidermal Acantholysis
- Fluid Loss
- Infection
- Nikolsky Positive
- Diagnosis
- Biopsy showing Autoantibodies
- Treatment
- IVIG and Plasmapheresis
- Oral Steroids
- Immunosuppressants
2 mins
Bullous Pemphigoid
- Linear Deposits of IgG
- Affects Hemidesmosomes
- Epidermal Basement Membrane
- Tense Blisters on Skin
- Nikolsky Negative
- Contain Eosinophils
- Rarely Affect Oral Mucosa
2 mins
Erythema Nodosum
- Pathophysiology
- Panniculitis
- Painful Inflammation
- Subcutaneous Fat
- Anterior Shins
- Risk Factors
- Coccidioidomycosis
- Pregnancy or OCP Use
- Crohn's Disease
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Histoplasmosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Ulcerative Colitis
2 mins
Erythema Multiforme
- Progression
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
- Associated Infections
- Target Lesions
- Mycoplasma pneumonia
- Herpes Simplex Virus
- Drug Reactions are Most Common Cause
- Sulfa drug
- Beta lactam drugs
- Phenytoin
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Etiologies
- Drugs
- Symptoms
- < 10% of Body Surface Area (BSA) Involved
- 10-30% BSA Overlaps with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
- Fever
- Affects Skin and Mucous Membranes
- Bullae Formation
- Necrosis
- Sloughing of Skin
- High Mortality Rate
- Treatment
- Supportive Care
- IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin)
3 mins
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