Abigail Shared "cram" - 44 Picmonics
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cram
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Characteristics
- Pathophysiology
- Small Vessel Vasculitis
- Necrotizing
- Lungs and Upper Airway
- Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
- DIAGNOSTICS
- c-ANCA
- X-ray
- Multiple Nodules in Lungs
- Treatment
- Cyclophosphamide
- Corticosteroids
- Rituximab
3 mins
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Symptoms
- Upper Respiratory Tract
- Saddle Nose
- Perforation of Nasal Septum
- Chronic Sinusitis
- Otitis Media
- Mastoiditis
- Lower Respiratory Tract
- Cough
- Dyspnea
- Hemoptysis
- Kidney
- Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
- Hematuria
- RBC Casts
2 mins
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss Syndrome)
- Pathophysiology
- Granulomatous Vasculitis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Sinusitis
- Skin Lesions
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Asthma
- GI Disease
- Heart Disease
- Kidney Failure
- Diagnosis
- Eosinophilia
- p-ANCA
- Treatment
- Corticosteroids
4 mins
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
- Most Common Childhood Vasculitis
- Follows Pharyngeal or Respiratory Infection
- Palpable Purpura on Legs and Buttocks
- Arthralgia
- Intestinal Hemorrhage
- Black Stool (Melena)
- Associated with IgA Nephropathy
2 mins
Polyarteritis Nodosa
- Pathophysiology
- Immune Complex-Mediated Transmural Vasculitis
- Hepatitis B Association
- Fibrinoid Necrosis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Black Stool (Melena)
- Neurologic Dysfunction
- Myalgia
- Fever
- Hypertension
- Diagnosis
- Vessels / Lesions in Different Stages
- Renal Microaneurysms (On Arteriogram)
- Spares Pulmonary Arteries (No Pulmonary Involvement)
- Treatment
- Corticosteroids
- Cyclophosphamide
2 mins
Buerger's Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Thromboangiitis Obliterans
- Segmental Inflammation
- Strong Association with Smoking
- Signs and Symptoms
- Superficial Nodular Phlebitis
- Raynaud's Phenomenon
- Autoamputation
- Treatment
- Smoking Cessation
2 mins
Kawasaki Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Prevalent in Asian Children
- Necrotizing Vasculitis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Fever
- Strawberry-Red Tongue and Mucosa
- Lymphadenopathy
- Desquamative Skin Rash
- Erythema and Edema of the Hands and Feet
- Conjunctivitis
- Coronary Aneurysm
- Treatment
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
- Aspirin
2 mins
Temporal Arteritis
- Giant Cell Arteritis
- Granulomatous
- Old Females
- Clinical Features
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica
- Unilateral Headache
- Jaw Claudication
- Blindness
- Lab Findings
- Increased ESR
- Normal Serum Creatine Kinase
- Treatment
- Steroids
2 mins
Takayasu Arteritis
- Pathophysiology
- Granulomatous Thickening of Aortic Arch
- Pulseless Disease
- Asian Females
- Signs and Symptoms
- Fever
- Myalgia
- Night Sweats
- Arthritis
- Ocular Disturbances
- Diagnosis
- Increased ESR
- Different Blood Pressures in Arms
2 mins
11 Beta-Hydroxylase Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Decreased Cortisol
- Decreased Aldosterone
- Increased Sex Hormones
- Increased 11 Deoxycorticosterone (11 DOC)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypertension
- Masculinization
1 min
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Decreased Cortisol
- Increased 17 Hydroxyprogesterone
- Decreased Aldosterone
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypotension
- Increased Renin
- Hyperkalemia
- Female Pseudohermaphroditism
2 mins
17 Alpha Hydroxylase Deficiency
- Decreased Cortisol
- Decreased Sex Hormones
- Increased Mineralocorticoids (DOC)
- Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- XY Externally Phenotypic Female
- No Internal Reproductive Structures Due to Mullerian Inhibitory Factor
- XX Externally Phenotypic Female
- Sexual Infantilism
2 mins
Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer)
- Characteristics
- Autosomal Dominant
- Defective DNA Mismatch Repair
- 80% Risk of Colon Cancer Development
- Proximal (Right) Colon
- Type II associated with Endometrial, Ovarian and Skin Cancers
- 3-2-1 Rule
- 3 Relatives with Colon Cancer
- Occurs Across 2 Generations
- 1 Relative Diagnosed < 50 Years Old
- Treatment
- Frequent Screening
- Colectomy
3 mins
Hirschsprung Disease
- Failure of Neural Crest Cell Migration
- Involves Rectum
- Lack of Auerbach and Meissner Plexus
- Chronic Constipation
- Failure to Pass Meconium
- Congenital Megacolon
- Increased Risk with Down Syndrome
- RET Mutations
2 mins
Whipple's Disease
- Tropheryma Whipplei
- Gram-Positive
- Middle-aged, Caucasian men and Farmers
- Malabsorption
- Mesenteric Nodes
- Arthralgias
- Cardiac Symptoms
- Neurologic Symptoms
- PAS-positive Foamy Macrophages
1 min
Gilbert's Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Decreased UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Activity
- Decreased Bilirubin Conjugation
- Signs and Symptoms
- Often Asymptomatic
- Jaundice (Mild)
- Fasting
- Stress
- Alcohol Intake
- Labs
- Increased Unconjugated Bilirubin
2 mins
Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type 1
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Absent UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
- Symptoms
- Neonatal Jaundice
- Kernicterus
- Diagnosis
- Normal Liver Function Tests
- Elevated Unconjugated Bilirubin
- Treatment
- Phototherapy
- Plasmapheresis
- Calcium Phosphate and Orlistat
- Death often by Age 2
- Considerations
- No Response to Phenobarbital
3 mins
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
- Causes
- Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Hematologic Disorders
- Tumors
- Chronic Infections
- Mechanism
- Thrombosis of Major Hepatic Veins
- Centrilobular Congestion and Necrosis
- Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- Ascites
- Hepatomegaly
- Nutmeg Liver
3 mins
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Mechanisms
- Mechanism
- Unknown Mechanism
- "Onion Skin" Fibrosis
- "Beading" of Bile Ducts
- Symptoms
- Pruritus
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Jaundice
2 mins
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Labs and Treatment
- Labs
- Increased Conjugated Bilirubin
- Increased ALK-P
- Increased IgM
- Associated Pathologies
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis
- Treatment
- Liver Transplant
- Stent
2 mins
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