Chiamaka Shared "Path Final" - 41 Picmonics
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Path Final
Renal Dysplasia
- Ureter Atresia
- Multicystic
- Cartilage
- Sporadic
- Mesenchyme
- Immature Collecting Duct
Alport Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Nephritic
- X-linked
- Mutation in Type IV Collagen
- Diagnosis
- Split Basement Membrane
- Basket Weave Appearance
- Signs and Symptoms
- Ocular Disorders
- Deafness
2 mins
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
- Cause
- PKD1 Mutation
- Symptoms
- Bilateral Enlarged Cystic Kidneys
- Flank Pain
- Hematuria
- Hypertension
- Associated With
- Berry Aneurysms
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)
- Hepatic Cyst
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (PCK)
- Numerous Cysts in Medulla and Cortex
- bilateral enlargement of kidneys
- flank pain, HTN and hematuria
- PKD1 on chromosome 16
- PKD2 on chromosome 4
- Associated with berry aneurism
- Associated w/ Mitral Valve Prolapse + Berry Aneurisms
- ACE Inhibitors
- angiotensin 2 receptor blockers
- Autosomal Dominant
Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD)
- Mutation in PKHD1 gene that codes for fibrocystin
- Renal Failure at Birth
- Spongiform Kidneys
- Collecting Duct
- Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis
Nephronophthisis - Uremic Medullary Cystic Disease Complex
- Children
- Cysts in Cortico Medullary Junction
- Cortical Tubular Atrophy
- Interstitial fibrosis with inflammation
- Retinal Problems
- Autosomal recessive for Nephronophthisis
- Autosomal Dominant for Adult onset Medullary Cystic Disease
- #1 Cause of ESRD in children (nephronopthisis)
- Gross Look
Medullary Cystic Kidney Disease
- Autosomal Dominant
- Renal Fibrosis and Failure
- Cysts within Medullary Collecting Ducts Only
- Small Kidneys
- Calcium Stones
Amyloidosis
- Etiologies
- Primary
- Multiple Myeloma
- Secondary
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Pathology
- Congo Red Stain
- Apple Green Birefringence
- Complications
- Nephrotic Syndrome
2 mins
Multiple Myeloma Signs and Symptoms
- Signs and Symptoms
- Increased Susceptibility to Infection
- Back/Bone Pain
- Punched Out Lytic Bone Lesions
- Hypercalcemia
- Primary Amyloidosis
- Renal Insufficiency
- Anemia
2 mins
Multiple Myeloma Pathophysiology
- Pathophysiology
- Monoclonal Plasma Cell Cancer
- Clock Face Chromatin
- Diagnosis
- M Spike on Protein Electrophoresis
- Increased IgG and IgA
- Fried Egg Appearance (BM Biopsy)
- Rouleaux Formation
- Stacked RBC's
- Bence Jones Protein
2 mins
Nephritic Syndrome
- Inflammatory
- Hematuria
- RBC casts
- Increased Nitrogen in blood
- Oliguria
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria < 3.5 grams per day
2 mins
Nephrotic Syndrome
- Signs and Symptoms
- Massive Proteinuria > 3.5g per Day
- Edema
- Increased risk of infection
- Thromboembolism
- Hyperlipidemia
- Fatty casts
1 min
Diabetic Glomerulonephropathy
- Pathophysiology
- Nonenzymatic Glycosylation of Glomerular Basement Membrane
- Nonenzymatic Glycosylation of Arterioles
- Hyperfiltration
- Increased GFR
- Histological Findings
- Hyaline Arteriolosclerosis
- Mesangial Expansion
- Type IV Collagen Deposition
- Kimmelstiel Wilson Lesions
- Presentation
- Nephrotic
2 mins
Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
- Pathophysiology
- Nephritic
- Children
- Signs and Symptoms
- Edema
- Cola Colored Urine
- Follows Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis or Skin Infection
- Diagnosis
- Neutrophils
- Immunofluorescence (IF) Granular
- Lumpy Bumpy Appearance on Immunofluorescence (IF)
- Subepithelial Immune Complex Humps
2 mins
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
- Pathogenesis
- Nephritic Syndrome
- Crescent Shape
- Crescents Consist of Fibrin and C3b
- With Parietal Cells, Monocytes, and Macrophages
- IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE
- Linear Immunofluorescence
- Negative Immunofluorescence
- Granular Immunofluorescence
- Etiology
- Goodpasture Syndrome
- Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Formerly Wegener's)
- Microscopic Polyangiitis
- Prognosis
- Poor Prognosis
3 mins
Goodpasture's
- Smooth/Linear IgG & C3
- Anti GBM AB
- Sx: Hemoptysis
- Sx: Hematuria
- Sx: Young men
- Edema & Crackles in Lungs
- RPGN: Dysmorphic RBC's, Red Casts
- AB against Alpha 3 chain of Type IV collagen
- Alveolar Hemorrhage: Causes High CO2 Diffusing Capacity in the lungs
Minimal Change Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Nephrotic
- Most Common in Children
- May be Triggered by Recent Infection or Immune Stimulus
- Diagnosis
- On Electron Microscopy (EM) See Foot Process (Podocyte) Effacement
- On Light Microscopy (LM) See Normal Glomeruli
- Loss of Negative Charge
- Selective Loss of Albumin
- Treatment
- Responds to Corticosteroids
2 mins
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Most Common Cause of Nephrotic Syndrome in Hispanic People and African Americans
- Associated with Sickle Cell Disease and HIV
- Associated Interferon Therapy and Heroin Abuse
- Histopathology
- LM Segmental Sclerosis and Hyalinosis
- EM Focal Damage of Visceral Epithelial Cells
- IF Negative
- Signs & Symptoms
- Microscopic Hematuria
- Nonselective Proteinuria
- Considerations
- Poor Prognosis
2 mins
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
- Nephritic-Nephrotic Syndrome
- Type I
- Subendothelial Immune Complexes
- Hepatitis C Virus
- Granular IF
- Tram Tracks Caused by Splitting of the GBM
- Ingrowth of Mesangium
- Type II
- Dense Deposit Disease
- C3 Nephritic Factor
2 mins
Berger's Disease (IgA Nephropathy)
- Nephritic
- IgA Nephropathy
- Immune Complex Deposit in Mesangium
- Increased Synthesis of IgA
- Most Common Cause of Nephritic Syndrome
- Overlapping Features with Henoch–Schönlein Purpura
- Presents with Pharyngitis, URI or Acute Gastroenteritis
1 min
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