Whitney Shared "Pathophysiology Part 1" - 12 Picmonics
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Pathophysiology Part 1
Blood Acid-Base Control
- Characteristics
- In a State of Acidemia
- Medullary Chemoreceptors Control Ventilation Rate
- Expulsion of CO2 through Lungs Increases pH
- Bicarbonate Reabsorption from the Kidney Increases pH
- Kidney Excretion of H+ Increases pH
2 mins
How to Interpret Acid Base Disorders
- pH, pCO₂, HCO₃ (Bicarbonate)
- Step 1
- pH
- Acidosis
- Alkalosis
- Step 2
- pCO₂
- Opposite Direction as pH
- Respiratory Acidosis
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- Step 3
- HCO₃ (Bicarbonate)
- Same Direction as pH
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Metabolic Alkalosis
3 mins
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
- Characteristics
- Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate
- Citric Acid
- Isocitric Acid
- Produces NADH
- Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid
- Produces NADH
- Succinyl CoA
- Produces GTP
- Succinate
- Produces FADH2
- Fumarate
- Uses Water
- Malate
- Produces NADH
- Oxaloacetate
4 mins
Metabolic Alkalosis
- Diuretic use
- Vomiting
- Antacid
- Hyperaldosteronism
26 secs
Respiratory Acidosis
- Hypoventilation
- Increased PaCO2 > 45
- Barbiturates Depress Central Respiratory Center of Brain
- Opioids Depress Central Respiratory Center of the Brain
- Airway Obstruction
- Respiratory Muscle Weakness/Paralysis
3 mins
Respiratory Alkalosis
- Hyperventilation
- High Altitude
- Aspirin
- Restrictive Lung Disease
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Pregnancy
- Progesterone
- Rib Fracture
- Anxiety
2 mins
Muscle Types
- Characteristics
- Skeletal Muscle
- Somatic Nervous System
- Striated
- Multinucleate
- Cardiac Muscle
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Myogenic
- Gap Junctions
- Uninucleate
- Smooth Muscle
2 mins
Skeletal Muscle Contraction Initiation
- Somatic Motor Neuron Releases Acetylcholine
- Acetylcholine Causes Sodium Influx
- Cell Reaches All-or-Nothing Threshold
- Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels Undergo Conformational Change
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Causes Calcium Flood
- Calcium Flood Enters Myofibrils
1 min
Skeletal Muscle Contraction Action
- Characteristics
- Calcium Binds Troponin
- Active Site Exposed
- Many Mitochondria Produce ATP
- Myosin Head Binds
- Power Stroke
- Myosin Head Releases Active Site
- ATP Consumed
1 min
Skin Functions
- Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Characteristics
- Thermoregulation
- Thermoregulation
- Thermoregulation
- Thermoregulation
- Thermoregulation
- Protection
- Protection
- Protection
- Protection
- Protection
- Innate Immune Protection
- Innate Immune Protection
- Innate Immune Protection
- Innate Immune Protection
- Innate Immune Protection
- Synthesize Vitamin D
- Synthesize Vitamin D
- Synthesize Vitamin D
- Synthesize Vitamin D
- Synthesize Vitamin D
- Water and Salt Excretion
- Water and Salt Excretion
- Water and Salt Excretion
- Water and Salt Excretion
- Water and Salt Excretion
- Dilated Capillaries are a Blood Reservoir
- Dilated Capillaries are a Blood Reservoir
- Dilated Capillaries are a Blood Reservoir
- Dilated Capillaries are a Blood Reservoir
- Dilated Capillaries are a Blood Reservoir
2 mins
Whole Blood Composition
- Characteristics
- Plasma
- Electrolytes And Other Solutes
- Proteins
- Albumin
- Fibrinogen
- Globulins
- Water
- Formed Elements
- Buffy Coat
- White Blood Cells (WBC)
- Platelets
- Red Blood Cells (RBC)
2 mins
pH - Blood and Urine Lab Value
- Blood
- 7.35 - 7.45
- Urine
- 4.0 - 8.0
1 min
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