Eva Shared "Microbiology: Viruses and Fungi" - 62 Picmonics
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Microbiology: Viruses and Fungi
Actinomyces Israelii
Characteristics
Gram-Positive
Bacillus
Anaerobe
Branching
Oral Flora
Dental Work
Oral Trauma
Associated with IUDs
Signs and Symptoms
GU Infections
Draining Sinus Tract
Facial Abscess
Yellow Sulfur Granules
Treatment
Penicillin
2 mins
Amphotericin B Side Effects & Toxicity
Side Effects
Fever/Chills "Shake and Bake"
Nephrotoxicity
Milder with Liposomes
Hypotension
Anemia
IV Phlebitis
Arrhythmias
1 min
Blastomyces
Characteristics
Fungi
Hyphae Form at 20°-25°C
Yeast Form at 37°C
Round Yeast
5-15 Micrometer (um or μm)
Single Broad-Based Buds
Thick Doubly-Refractive Walls
East of the Mississippi River and Around the Great Lakes
Signs and Symptoms
Pneumonia
Skin Infection
Bone Infection
Granulomatous Response
Treatment
Itraconazole
Amphotericin B
3 mins
Adenovirus
Characteristics
Non-enveloped
Icosahedral
Linear
Double Stranded DNA
Signs and Symptoms
Pharyngitis
Conjunctivitis
Fever
Summer Swimming
Day Care Centers
Acute Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Pneumonia
1 min
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double Stranded DNA
Herpesvirus 5
Diagnosis
Non Heterophile Antibodies
Owl's eye inclusions
Signs and Symptoms
Congenital TORCH infection
Mononucleosis
Pneumonia
AIDS retinitis and esophagitis
Infection in transplant recipients
2 mins
Epstein Barr Virus
Characteristics
Herpesvirus 4
Double Stranded DNA
Linear
Enveloped
Signs and Symptoms
Infectious Mononucleosis
Virus Attaches to CD21 in B Cells
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Burkitt's Lymphoma
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
1 min
Epstein Barr Virus Mononucleosis
Mononucleosis
Fever
Hepatomegaly
Splenomegaly
Pharyngitis
Posterior Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Atypical Lymphocytes
Heterophile Antibodies
Rash Develops if treated with Ampicillin
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
2 mins
Hepatitis B Virus Characteristics
Hepadnavirus
Enveloped
Circular
Partially Double-stranded DNA
Has Reverse Transcriptase
IV Drug Use
Sex
Maternal Fetal Routes
3 Month Incubation Period
2 mins
Hepatitis B Virus Disease
Can turn chronic
< 10% of adults become chronic carriers
90% of newborns become chronic carriers
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Membranous Glomerulonephritis
Polyarteritis nodosa
Serum sickness like syndrome
2 mins
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double Stranded DNA
Linear
Signs and Symptoms
Type 1 HSV
Gingivostomatitis
Keratoconjunctivitis
Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
Type 2 HSV
Genital Vesicles
Neonatal Herpes
TORCHES
Latent in Sacral Ganglia
Diagnosis
Tzanck Test
Multinucleated Giant Cells
Cowdry A Inclusions
Treatment
Acyclovir
2 mins
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Characteristics
Non-enveloped
Circular
Double Stranded DNA
Disease
Warts 1, 2, 6, 11
Condyloma acuminata
Type 16, 18
Cervical Carcinoma
Penile Carcinoma
AIDS/Immunocompromised
Worsened by Smoking
Diagnosis
Koilocytic change in squamous epithelium
Pyknotic Nuclei Surrounded by Clear Halo
Treatment
Vaccine Available
4 mins
Parvovirus B19
Characteristics
DNA
Single Stranded
Linear
Smallest DNA virus
Non-enveloped
Signs and Symptoms
5th Disease
Slapped Cheek Rash in Children
Erythema Infectiosum
Hydrops Fetalis
RBC aplasia
Arthritis in Adults
Aplastic Crisis in Sickle Cell
Myocarditis
2 mins
Polyomavirus
Characteristics
Non-enveloped
Double-stranded DNA
Circular
Disease
BK Virus
Kidney Damage
JC Virus
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
HIV/AIDS
Oligodendrocyte
Demyelination of CNS
4 mins
Pox Virus
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double-Stranded DNA
Linear
Non-Icosahedral
Signs and Symptoms
Smallpox
Cowpox
Molluscum Contagiosum
Umbilicated Flesh-Colored Domed Lesions
1 min
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
Herpesvirus 3
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double Stranded DNA
Signs and Symptoms
Chickenpox
Pneumonia
Encephalitis
Trigeminal and Dorsal Root Ganglia
Shingles
Diagnosis
Tzanck Test
Multinucleated Giant Cells
Cowdry A Inclusion
Treatment
Acyclovir
2 mins
Diphyllobothrium Latum
Pathophysiology
Cestode (Tapeworm)
Ingestion of Larvae from Raw Fish
Competes for Vitamin B12
Megaloblastic Anemia
Treatment
Praziquantel
1 min
Echinococcus Granulosus
Pathophysiology
Cestode (Tapeworm)
Ingestion of Eggs from Dog Feces
Hydatid Cysts in Liver
Fibrosis and Necrosis
Anaphylaxis if Antigens Released
Treatment
Albendazole
Surgical Removal
1 min
Loa Loa
Pathophysiology
Nematode (Roundworm)
Fly Bite
Calabar Swellings in Skin
Conjunctiva
Treatment
Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)
Albendazole
1 min
Onchocerca Volvulus
Pathophysiology
Nematode (Roundworm)
Female Blackfly Bite
Hyperpigmented Skin
River Blindness
Treatment
Ivermectin
1 min
Pinworm (Enterobius Vermicularis)
Pathophysiology
Nematode (Roundworm)
Ingestion of Eggs
Intestinal Infection
Anal Pruritus
Diagnosis
Scotch Tape Test
Treatment
Albendazole
Pyrantel Pamoate
2 mins
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