Kristin Shared "GU-I Exam 1" - 22 Picmonics
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GU-I Exam 1
Ovulatory Hormones I - Follicular Phase
- Characteristics
- 0-14 Days
- GnRH Stimulates FSH and LH
- Follicle Secretes Estrogen
- Negative Feedback from Estrogen
- Increased Estrogen Leads to Positive Feedback
- FSH and LH Surge
- LH Spike Leads to Ovulation
2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones II - Luteal Phase
- Days 15-28
- Corpus Luteum
- Secretes Progesterone
- Negative Feedback inhibits FSH and LH
- No pregnancy forms Corpus Albicans
- Stops Estrogen Secretion
- Endometrial Sloughing - Menses
- GnRH secretion produces new follicular phase
2 mins
Testes
- Characteristics
- FSH Stimulates Sertoli Cells
- Inhibin B Release
- LH Stimulates Leydig Cells
- Leydig Cells Secrete Testosterone
- Testosterone Causes Male Development
2 mins
5 Alpha Reductase Deficiency
- Autosomal Recessive
- Inability to Convert Testosterone to DHT
- Normal Internal Genitalia
- Ambiguous External Genitalia until Puberty
- Masculinization During Puberty with Growth of External Genitalia
- LH can be Increased
- Normal Estrogen, LH, and Testosterone levels
2 mins
Gardnerella vaginalis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Bacterial Vaginosis
- Not an STD
- Fishy Smell
- Whiff Test
- Grey Vaginal Discharge
- Increase pH
- Clue Cells
- Squamous Epithelial Cells Covered with Bacteria
- Mobiluncus Coinfection
- Treatment
- Metronidazole
2 mins
Streptococcus agalactiae
- Characteristics
- Group B Streptococci
- Gram-Positive
- Cocci
- Beta-Hemolytic
- Bacitracin-Resistant
- Catalase-Negative
- Pyrrolidonyl Arylamidase (PYR) Negative
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- Hippurate Positive (+)
- Produces CAMP Factor
- Enlarges Area of Hemolysis by S. aureus
- Disease
- Mainly in Babies
- Meningitis
- Pneumonia
- Sepsis
- Colonizes Vagina
- Treatment
- Screen Pregnant Women at 35-37 Weeks
- Penicillin
3 mins
Candida Albicans
- Fungi
- Yeast with Pseudohyphae at 20 Degrees C
- Germ Tube Formation at 37 Degrees C
- Pruritic Vaginitis
- White Cottage Cheese Discharge
- Fiery Red Mucosa
- Diabetics
- Antibiotic Use
- Esophageal Thrush in Immunocompromised
- Diaper Rash
- Endocarditis in IV Drug Users
2 mins
Kallman Syndrome
- Mutation in KAL-1 or FGFR-1 Gene
- Failure of GnRH Secreting Neurons
- Delayed Puberty
- Anosmia
- Hypogonadism
- Infertility
2 mins
Choriocarcinoma
- Germ-cell tumor
- Trophoblastic tissue
- Hematogenous spread to lungs
- Malignant
- Theca-lutein cysts
- Hydatidiform Mole
- hCG
59 secs
Craniopharyngioma
- Hypopituitarism
- Remnants of Rathke's Pouch
- Tooth-enamel Like Calcification
- Cholesterol Crystals
- Yellow Viscous Fluid
- Headache
- Bitemporal Hemianopsia
1 min
Sheehan's Syndrome
- Postpartum Pituitary Gland Necrosis
- Agalactorrhea
- Amenorrhea
- Secondary Hypothyroidism with Cold Intolerance
1 min
Turner Syndrome
- Signs and Symptoms
- Female (XO)
- Short stature
- Shield Chest
- Cystic Hygroma (Webbing of Neck)
- Lymphedema in Hands and Feet
- Ovarian Dysgenesis
- Streak Ovary
- Decreased Estrogen
- Increased FSH
- Increased LH
- Dysgerminoma
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- Preductal Coarctation of the Aorta
- Horseshoe Kidney
- Menopause before Menarche
- Amenorrhea
5 mins
Androgen Insensitivity (Complete)
- Defect in Androgen Receptor
- Phenotypically Female
- (46, XY)
- Female External Genitalia
- Rudimentary Vagina
- Scant Sexual Hair
- Testes Often in Labia Majora
- Testes Surgically Removed to Prevent Malignancy
- Increased Estrogen, Testosterone, and LH
- Absent Uterus and Fallopian Tubes
3 mins
Endometriosis Symptoms and Treatment
- Symptoms
- Dysmenorrhea
- Cyclic Pelvic Pain
- Dyschezia
- Dysuria
- Dyspareunia
- 30-40% are Infertile
- Treatment
- Surgery
- NSAIDs
- OCPs
- Progesterone (Progestins)
- GnRH Agonists
1 min
Endometriosis Characteristics
- Endometrial Tissue Outside of Uterus
- Glands and Stroma
- Most Common in Ovary, Pelvis, Peritoneum and Bowels
- "Chocolate Cyst" in Ovary
- Adenomyosis
- Theories
- Retrograde Flow
- Metaplastic Transformation
- Mullerianosis
2 mins
NSAIDs
- Indications
- Anti-inflammatory
- Analgesic
- Fever
- Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Mechanism of Action
- Reversible Inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2
- Block Prostaglandin Synthesis
- Side Effects
- Interstitial Nephritis
- Gastric Ulcer
- Renal Ischemia
1 min
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
- Mechanism
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Chlamydia Trachomatis
- Symptoms
- Cervical Motion Tenderness
- Chandelier Sign
- Salpingitis
- Tubo-ovarian abscess
- Hydrosalpinx
- Complications
- Ectopic Pregnancy
- Infertility
- Adhesions
- Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
2 mins
Menopause Symptoms
- Symptoms
- HAVOCS Mnemonic
- Hot Flashes
- Atrophy of Vagina
- Osteoporosis
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
- Sleep disturbances
50 secs
Menopause Lab Findings
- Decreased Estrogen
- Lack of Negative Feedback
- Increased FSH
- Increased LH
- Increased GnRH
- Small Amount of Estrogen From Androgen Conversion
- Increased Androgens = Hirsutism
1 min
Classic Galactosemia
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase is Absent (GALT)
- Impaired Galactose-1-P to UDP-Galactose
- Galactitol Accumulation in Lens
- Signs and Symptoms
- Infantile Cataracts
- Failure to Thrive
- Hepatomegaly
- Jaundice
- Intellectual Disability
- Increased Risk E. Coli Sepsis
2 mins
