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Michael Shared "Repro!" - 120 Picmonics

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Repro!

Intraductal Papilloma
Presentation
Bloody nipple discharge
Women 20-40 years old
Mechanism
Small tumor in lactiferous ducts
Occurs Centrally
Occurs Peripherally
Increased malignancy
Diagnosis
Too Small to Palpate
Galactogram biopsy
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1 min
Yolk Sac Tumor
Germ-cell tumor
AFP
Aggressive Malignancy
Yellow, Friable Solid
Schiller-Duval Bodies
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43 secs
Kallman Syndrome
Mutation in KAL-1 or FGFR-1 Gene
Failure of GnRH Secreting Neurons
Delayed Puberty
Anosmia
Hypogonadism
Infertility
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2 mins
5 Alpha Reductase Deficiency
Autosomal Recessive
Inability to Convert Testosterone to DHT
Normal Internal Genitalia
Ambiguous External Genitalia until Puberty
Masculinization During Puberty with Growth of External Genitalia
LH can be Increased
Normal Estrogen, LH, and Testosterone levels
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2 mins
Klinefelter's Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Male (XXY)
Signs and Symptoms
Eunuchoid Body Shape
Gynecomastia and Female Hair Distribution
Testicular Atrophy
Dysgenesis of Seminiferous Tubules
Possible Developmental Delay
Hypogonadism
Decreased Inhibin B
Increased FSH
Abnormal Leydig Cell Function
Decreased Testosterone
Increased LH
Increased Estrogen
Barr body (inactivated X chromosome)
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6 mins
Branchial Pouches: 1st Pouch
Endoderm Lines the Auditory Tube
Middle Ear Cavity
Eustachian Tube
Mastoid Air Cells
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1 min
Krukenberg Tumor
Non-germ Cell Tumor
Lymphatic Spread to Ovaries
Metastasis
GI Malignancy
Mucin-secreting Signet Cell
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34 secs
Branchial Pouches: 3rd Pouch
Separates into Dorsal and Ventral Wings
Dorsal Wings
Inferior Parathyroid Glands
Ventral Wings
Thymus
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1 min
Menopause Lab Findings
Decreased Estrogen
Lack of Negative Feedback
Increased FSH
Increased LH
Increased GnRH
Small Amount of Estrogen From Androgen Conversion
Increased Androgens = Hirsutism
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1 min
Brenner Tumor
Pathophysiology
Non-germ cell tumor
Transitional epithelium
Benign and unilateral
Coffee bean nuclei
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2 mins
Menopause Symptoms
Symptoms
HAVOCS Mnemonic
Hot Flashes
Atrophy of Vagina
Osteoporosis
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Sleep disturbances
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50 secs
Ovarian Cystadenocarcinoma
Non-germ Cell Tumor
Mucinous
Peritoneal Spread
Serous
Psammoma Bodies
Bilateral
Malignant
Stromal Invasion
CA 125
BRCA-1 and Lynch Syndrome
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1 min
Ovulatory Hormones I - Follicular Phase
Characteristics
0-14 Days
GnRH Stimulates FSH and LH
Follicle Secretes Estrogen
Negative Feedback from Estrogen
Increased Estrogen Leads to Positive Feedback
FSH and LH Surge
LH Spike Leads to Ovulation
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2 mins
Dysgerminoma
Germ-cell tumor
Most Common Malignant Germ Cell Tumor
Uniform Cells
Fried Egg Cells
hCG
LDH
Seminoma-like
Turner Syndrome
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2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones II - Luteal Phase
Days 15-28
Corpus Luteum
Secretes Progesterone
Negative Feedback inhibits FSH and LH
No pregnancy forms Corpus Albicans
Stops Estrogen Secretion
Endometrial Sloughing - Menses
GnRH secretion produces new follicular phase
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2 mins
Endometriosis Symptoms and Treatment
Symptoms
Dysmenorrhea
Cyclic Pelvic Pain
Dyschezia
Dysuria
Dyspareunia
30-40% are Infertile
Treatment
Surgery
NSAIDs
OCPs
Progesterone (Progestins)
GnRH Agonists
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1 min
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Mechanism
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Chlamydia Trachomatis
Symptoms
Cervical Motion Tenderness
Chandelier Sign
Salpingitis
Tubo-ovarian abscess
Hydrosalpinx
Complications
Ectopic Pregnancy
Infertility
Adhesions
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
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2 mins
Fibromas
Non-germ cell tumor
Meigs Syndrome
Thecoma
Pulling sensation in groin
Spindle-shaped fibroblasts
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44 secs
Phyllodes Tumor
Presentation
Common in 40's
Large Palpable Mass
Mechanism
Benign
Rarely Malignant
Low-Grade Tumor
Leaf-Like
Stromal Tumor
Treatment
Wide Resection
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2 mins
Androgen Insensitivity (Complete)
Defect in Androgen Receptor
Phenotypically Female
(46, XY)
Female External Genitalia
Rudimentary Vagina
Scant Sexual Hair
Testes Often in Labia Majora
Testes Surgically Removed to Prevent Malignancy
Increased Estrogen, Testosterone, and LH
Absent Uterus and Fallopian Tubes
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3 mins

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