Paden Shared "Pathoma - 8 CV" - 23 Picmonics
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Pathoma - 8 CV
Stable Angina
- Assessment
- Chest Pain with Exertion
- Relieved within 15 Minutes
- ST Depression
- Interventions
- Nitroglycerin
- Up to 3 Doses q 5 Minutes
- Rest
- Antiplatelet Medication
- CABG
- Angioplasty
2 mins
Unstable Angina
- Assessment
- Chest Pain with Rest or Exertion
- Limits ADLs
- > 15 Minutes
- Less Likely Relieved by Nitroglycerin
- ST Depression
- Fatigue
- Considerations
- Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Treatment
- Emergency Treatment
2 mins
Nitroglycerin
- Indications
- Pulmonary Edema
- Angina
- Mechanism of Action
- Decreases Preload
- Releases NO in Blood
- Side Effects
- Hypotension
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Flushing
- Monday Disease
- Contraindications
- Viagra (Sildenafil)
2 mins
Myocardial Infarction Assessment
- Assessment
- Substernal Chest Pain
- Crushing or Dull Sensation
- Arm, Jaw, and Neck
- > 20 Minutes
- Unrelieved by Nitro
- Palpitations
- Diaphoresis
- Fear of Impending Doom
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Shortness of Breath
- Considerations
- Monitor for Arrhythmias
2 mins
Myocardial Infarction Interventions
- MONA
- Morphine
- Oxygen
- Nitrates
- Aspirin
- Thrombolytics (tPA)
- Invasive Procedures
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Stent Placement
- Angioplasty
- Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
- Considerations
- Decrease Modifiable Risk Factors
- Resuming Activity (Physical, Sexual)
2 mins
Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis
- Diagnosis
- 12 Lead ECG
- ST Elevation
- Q Wave
- T Wave Inversion
- Troponin T and I
- CK-MB
- Considerations
- Early ECG
- Cardiac Stress Test
2 mins
Troponin Lab Values
- Troponin T (cTnT)
- < 0.1 ng/mL Normal
- Troponin I (cTnI)
- < 0.5 ng/mL Normal
- > 2.3 ng/mL Myocardial Injury
2 mins
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Myoglobin
- Measures
- Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Injury
- Time Ranges
- Onset: 1 - 4 Hours
- Peak: 12 Hours
- Return to Normal: 24 Hours
- Considerations
- Elevation After 24 Hours: Reinfarction
2 mins
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Creatine Kinase CK-MB
- Measures
- Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Injury
- Time Ranges
- Onset: 4-8 Hours
- Peak: 12-24 Hours
- Return to Normal: 2-3 Days
1 min
Acute Pericarditis Causes
- Idiopathic
- Infection
- Trauma
- Cardiac
- Myocardial Infarction
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Uremia
- Tumor
- Radiation
2 mins
Left Heart Failure Assessment
- Pulmonary Assessment
- Pulmonary Congestion
- Pink Frothy Sputum
- Wheezing or Crackles
- Dyspnea with Exertion
- Cough
- Systemic Assessment
- Fatigue
- Tachycardia
- Weak Peripheral Pulse
- S3, S4 Heart Sounds
1 min
Right Heart Failure Assessment
- Jugular Venous Distention (JVD)
- Peripheral Edema
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Nocturia
- Weight Gain
- Ascites
- Fatigue
1 min
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- Features
- Blue Baby Syndrome
- Mechanism
- PROVe Acronym
- Pulmonary Infundibular Stenosis
- Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Overriding Aorta
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Diagnosis and Treatment
- Boot-Shaped Heart
- Squatting for Tet Spells
- Surgery
2 mins
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Continuous
- Machine like murmur
- Often Due to Congenital Rubella
- Prematurity
1 min
Rheumatic Fever
- Pathophysiology
- Pharyngeal Infection with Strep Pyogenes (Group A Strep)
- Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Signs and Symptoms
- Aschoff Bodies
- Anitschkow's Cells
- Early Death Due to Myocarditis
- Migratory Polyarthritis
- Subcutaneous Nodules
- Erythema Marginatum
- Chorea
- Diagnosis
- Elevated ESR
2 mins
Aortic Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Age-related Calcifications
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- Crescendo-decrescendo Murmur
- Systolic Murmur
- Ejection Murmur
- Ejection Click
- Radiates to Carotids and Apex
- Pulsus Parvus et Tardus
- Syncope
- Helmet Cells
2 mins
Aortic Regurgitation
- Auscultation
- Diastolic Murmur
- Immediate High-pitched
- Blowing Murmur
- Clinical Findings
- Wide Pulse Pressure
- Water Hammer Pulse
- Head Bobbing
- Pulsating Nail Bed
- Considerations
- Can Cause Austin Flint Murmur
1 min
Mitral Regurgitation
- Characteristics
- Holosystolic
- Blowing Murmur
- Loudest at Apex
- Radiates toward Axilla
- Louder by Squatting
- Hand Grip
- Expiration
1 min
Mitral Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Murmur Follows Opening Snap
- Late Diastolic Murmur
- Enhanced by Expiration
- Low-Pitched Rumbling
- Dilation of Left Atrium (LA)
- Recurrent Attacks of Rheumatic Fever
2 mins
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- Chronic Alcohol Abuse
- Doxorubicin Toxicity
- Cocaine Use
- Wet Beriberi
- Hemochromatosis
- Coxsackie B
- Chagas Disease
- Peripartum
- S3
- Eccentric Hypertrophy
2 mins
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