Jean Shared "Adult Health I - Musculoskeletal" - 19 Picmonics
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Adult Health I - Musculoskeletal
Osteoporosis Assessment
Highest Risk
Postmenopausal Women
Long Term Corticosteroids
Assessment
Kyphosis
Dowager's Hump
Loss of Height
Back Pain
Pathologic Fractures
Spinal Compression Fracture
1 min
Osteoporosis Interventions
Increased Calcium Intake
Vitamin D Supplements
Bisphosphonates
Raloxifene
Denosumab
Calcitonin
Teriparatide
Bone Densitometry (DEXA) Scan
Weight Bearing Exercises
2 mins
Types of Fractures
Nondisplaced
Displaced
Incomplete
Complete
Closed
Open
Direction of Fracture Line
2 mins
Hip Fracture
Assessment
External Rotation
Muscle Spasms
Shortened Leg
Pain
Interventions
Buck's Traction
Analgesics
Surgery
Considerations
Avascular Necrosis
1 min
Hip Surgery
Neurovascular Assessment
No 90 Degree Hip Flexion
No Adduction
No Internal Rotation
Avoid Turning on Affected Side
Considerations
Thromboembolism Prevention
2 mins
Neurovascular Assessment 6 P's
Pain
Paresthesia
Pulse
Pallor
Pressure
Paralysis
1 min
Sizing Crutches
3 Finger Widths
6 Inches Lateral From Heel
30 Degree Flexion
Tripod Position
1 min
Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
Indications
Joint Pain (Uncontrolled)
Impaired Mobility
Considerations
Compression Dressing
Frequent Neurovascular Assessments
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) Devices
Early Ambulation
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
Limit Flexion Positions
Monitor for Infection
2 mins
Herniated Disc (Nucleus Pulposus)
Cause/Mechanism
Spine Trauma
Natural Degeneration
Spinal Stenosis
Assessment
Pain
Weakness
Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
Interventions
Brace
Medications
Outpatient Procedures
Surgery
2 mins
Amputation
Indications
Trauma
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Diabetes Complications
Considerations
Gentle Handling
Surgical Tourniquet at Bedside
Prevent Contractures
Frequent Inspection
Compression Bandages
Phantom Pain
Mirror Therapy
2 mins
R.I.C.E. (Treating Soft Tissue Injury)
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
1 min
Compartment Syndrome Assessment
Mechanism
Trauma
Increased Pressure
Compressed Nerves and Blood Vessels
Assessment
1 or more of 6 P's
Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
Considerations
May take Days to develop
Early Detection
Ischemia
Damage often Irreversible
2 mins
Compartment Syndrome Interventions
Interventions
Frequent Neurovascular Assessments
Evaluate Pain
Do Not Elevate Extremity
Remove or Loosen Restrictive Items
Fasciotomy
Amputation
Considerations
Infection
Monitor Urine Output
2 mins
Osteoarthritis
Mechanism
Articular Cartilage Destruction
Biomechanical Stress
Aging
Signs and Symptoms
Asymmetric
Pain Decreases with Rest
Morning Stiffness Under 30 Minutes
Crepitus
DIP and PIP Joints
Treatment
Lifestyle Changes
Acetaminophen or NSAIDs
2 mins
Osteoarthritis Assessment
Mechanism
Aging
Articular Cartilage Destruction
Biomechanical Stress
Signs and Symptoms
Asymmetric
Pain Decreases with Rest
Morning Stiffness under 30 Minutes
Crepitus
DIP and PIP Joints
1 min
Osteoarthritis Interventions
Lifestyle Modifications
Balance Rest and Activity
Therapeutic Exercise
Heat and Cold Applications
Drug Therapy
Intra-articular Injection
NSAIDs
Considerations
Reconstructive Joint Surgery
1 min
Osteomyelitis
Cause/Mechanism
Bone Infection
Assessment
Warmth
Edema
Constant Bone Pain
Fever
Interventions
IV Antibiotics
Implanted Beads
Hyperbaric Oxygen
Surgical Removal of Ischemic Tissue
Considerations
Elevated ESR
3 mins
Gout Disease
Acute Inflammatory Monoarthritis
Epidemiology
Primarily in Males
Pathophysiology
Precipitation of Monosodium Urate Crystals
Underexcretion of Uric Acid
Overproduction of Uric Acid
Negatively Birefringent, Needle-Shaped
Symptoms
Swollen, Red, Painful Joint
Asymmetric Joint Distribution
Podagra
Tophus
After Large Meal or Alcohol
2 mins
Gout Treatment
Acute (Acute-angle)
NSAIDs
Glucocorticoids
Colchicine
Impairs Leukocyte Chemotaxis
Chronic Gout (Crone Goat)
Inhibit Xanthine Oxidase
Allopurinol
Febuxostat
Inhibit Reabsorption of Uric Acid
Probenecid
1 min
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