jeremy Shared "GI and genitourinary" - 72 Picmonics
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GI and genitourinary
Acute Gastritis
- Erosive
- Disruption of Mucosal Barrier
- Caused by Stress
- NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
- Alcohol
- Uremia
- Burns
- Curling's Ulcer
- Brain Injury
- Cushing Ulcer
- Increase H+ Production
1 min
Acute Pancreatitis Causes
- "GET SMASHHED" Mnemonic
- Gallstones
- (Ethanol) Alcohol
- Trauma
- Steroids
- Mumps
- Autoimmune
- Scorpion Sting
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypertriglyceridemia > 1000
- ERCP
- Drugs
1 min
Acute Pancreatitis Disease
- Autodigestion of Pancreas by Pancreatic Enzymes
- Symptoms
- Epigastric Abdominal Pain Radiating to Back
- Anorexia
- Nausea
- Labs
- Increased Amylase and Lipase
- Complications
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Infection
- Hypocalcemia
- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst
- Hemorrhage
3 mins
Appendicitis
- Mechanism and Characteristics
- Fecalith leading to obstruction and infection
- Most commonly affects teenagers
- Presentation
- Initial peri-umbilical visceral pain
- Subsequent somatic right lower quadrant pain
- Diagnosis
- Rebound tenderness
- Positive psoas sign
- Pain at McBurney's point
- Leukocytosis
- Fever
- Treatment
- Appendectomy
1 min
Aspirin
- Indications
- Fever
- Pain and Headache
- Cardiovascular Disease (CAD)
- Mechanism of Action
- Irreversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2
- Suppress Thromboxanes and Prostaglandins
- NSAID
- Side Effects
- Reye's Syndrome
- Tinnitus
- Peptic Ulceration
- Mixed Acidosis/Alkalosis
- Nephropathy
2 mins
Barrett's Esophagus
- Histological findings
- Metaplasia in Lower Esophagus
- Columnar Epithelium
- Associated Pathologies
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Esophagitis
- Esophageal Ulcers
- Increased Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
1 min
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis
- Digital Rectal Exam
- Urinalysis to Detect Infection or Blood
- Treatment
- Alpha-1 Antagonists
- Tamsulosin
- 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors
- Finasteride
- TURP (Transurethral Resection of Prostate)
1 min
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Disease
- Mechanism and Characteristics
- DHT-induced Growth Factors
- Common in Men > 50 Years Old
- Smooth, Symmetric, Firm Enlargement
- Affects Lateral and Middle (Periurethral) Gland
- Urethra Compression
- Symptoms and Complications
- Increased Urinary Frequency
- Nocturia
- Dysuria
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Hydronephrosis
1 min
Beriberi (Thiamine Deficiency)
- Thiamine Deficiency
- Dry Beriberi
- Polyneuritis
- Muscle Wasting
- Wet Beriberi
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- Edema
51 secs
Boerhaave Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Esophageal Rupture
- Increased Esophageal Pressure while Vomiting
- Lower 1/3 of Esophagus
- Signs and Symptoms
- Chest Pain
- Odynophagia
- Subcutaneous Emphysema
- Management
- Shock
- Surgical Emergency
2 mins
Carcinoid Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Neuroendocrine Cells
- Serotonin
- Appendix
- Diagnosis
- Chromogranin A
- Neuron Specific Enolase
- Dense Core Bodies on EM
- Signs and Symptoms
- Symptoms When Metastasize to Liver
- Flushing
- Wheezing
- Right Heart Murmur
- Diarrhea
4 mins
Cholesterol Lab Values
- LDL (Low Density Cholesterol)
- < 100 mg/dL
- HDL (High Density Cholesterol)
- > 40 mg/dL Males
- > 50 mg/dL Females
- Total Cholesterol
- < 200 mg/dL
1 min
Chronic Gastritis
- Type A
- Type A
- Fundus and Body
- Autoimmune
- Autoantibodies to Parietal Cells
- Pernicious Anemia
- Achlorhydria
- Type B
- Type B
- Most Common Type
- Helicobacter pylori
- Antrum
- Increased Risk of MALT Lymphoma
- Associations
- HIV/AIDS
- Crohn's Disease
3 mins
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
- -tidine Suffix
- Mechanism
- H2 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
- Side Effects (All)
- Pneumonia
- Side Effects - Cimetidine
- Anti-androgen Effects
- CNS Changes
2 mins
Clonorchis Sinensis
- Pathophysiology
- Trematode (Fluke)
- Undercooked Fish
- Biliary Tract Inflammation
- Pigmented Gallstones
- Associated with Cholangiocarcinoma
- Treatment
- Praziquantel
1 min
Crohn's Disease Characteristics
- Terminal Ileum and Colon
- Rectal Sparing
- Transmural Inflammation
- Granulomas
- Skip Lesions
- Cobblestone Mucosa
- Fissures
- Fistulas
- Perianal Disease
- Creeping Fat
- Lymphoid Aggregates
- String Sign on Barium Swallow
2 mins
Crohn's Symptoms and Associations
- Diarrhea
- Malabsorption
- Bile-Wasting
- Pigment Gallstones
- Oxalate Kidney Stones
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Erythema Nodosum
- Uveitis
- Migratory Polyarthritis
2 mins
Folate Deficiency
- Clinical Features
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Megaloblastic Anemia
- Etiologies
- Malabsorption
- Dietary
- Tea and Toast
- Alcoholics
- Medication-induced
- Methotrexate
- Trimethoprim
- Increased Requirement
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Pregnancy
2 mins
G6PD Deficiency
- X-linked Recessive
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Inflammatory Response
- Fava Beans
- Sulfonamides
- Primaquine
- Anti TB Drugs
- Heinz Bodies
- Bite Cells
- Prevalent Among African Americans due to Increased Malarial Resistance
2 mins
GI Absorption
- Stomach
- Alcohol
- Duodenum
- Iron
- Jejunum
- Folate
- Terminal Ileum
- Vitamin B12
- Bile Resorption
1 min
