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Chapter 2 - Reproduction
Cell Cycle Phases
Characteristics
G0 Phase
Growth Arrest
G1 Phase
G1 Check By Rb And p53
S Phase
DNA Mismatch Repair
DNA Synthesis
G2 Phase
G2 Check
M Phase
Mitosis And Cytokinesis
3 mins
Prophase
Nuclear Membrane Disintegrates
Centrioles Migrate
Spindle Apparatus Forms
Meiosis I starts Diploid
Homologous Chromosomes form Tetrads
Tetrads Cross Over
Meiosis II starts Haploid
Mitosis starts Diploid
Sister Chromatid Pairs Stay Separated
2 mins
Metaphase
Characteristics
Microtubules Extend from Centrioles' Spindles
Centromere
Kinetochore
Meiosis I Tetrads Aligned at Metaphase Plate
Meiosis II Sister Chromatids Aligned at Metaphase Plate
Mitosis Sister Chromatids Aligned at Metaphase Plate
57 secs
Anaphase
Spindle Microtubules from Centrioles Split Pairs
Meiosis I Tetrad Splits into Two Sister Chromatid Pairs
Meiosis II Sister Chromatid Pair Splits into Two Chromatids
Mitosis Sister Chromatid Pair Splits into Two Chromatids
1 min
Telophase
Cytokinesis Divides Cells
Meiosis I Cell Ends Haploid
Meiosis II Cell Ends Haploid
Mitosis Cell Ends Diploid
Chromosomes Decondense into Chromatin
Nuclear Membrane Reforms
1 min
Oogenesis
Characteristics
Primary Oocytes From Birth
Meiosis I Once a Month
Secondary Oocyte Plus Polar Body
Frozen in Metaphase II, in Meiosis II
Ovulation
Fertilization by Sperm
Meiosis II
Ovum
Zygote Forms
2 mins
Spermatogenesis
Seminiferous Tubules
Sertoli Cells
Spermatogonia
Mitosis
Primary Spermatocyte
Meiosis I
Secondary Spermatocyte
Meiosis II
Spermatid
Spermatozoa
Acrosome
Flagellum
2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones I - Follicular Phase
Characteristics
0-14 Days
GnRH Stimulates FSH and LH
Follicle Secretes Estrogen
Negative Feedback from Estrogen
Increased Estrogen Leads to Positive Feedback
FSH and LH Surge
LH Spike Leads to Ovulation
2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones II - Luteal Phase
Days 15-28
Corpus Luteum
Secretes Progesterone
Negative Feedback inhibits FSH and LH
No pregnancy forms Corpus Albicans
Stops Estrogen Secretion
Endometrial Sloughing - Menses
GnRH secretion produces new follicular phase
2 mins
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