McKay Shared "GI 1" - 17 Picmonics
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GI 1
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
- -tidine Suffix
- Mechanism
- H2 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
- Side Effects (All)
- Pneumonia
- Side Effects - Cimetidine
- Anti-androgen Effects
- CNS Changes
2 mins
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Assessment
- Pathophysiology
- Relaxed Lower Esophageal Sphincter
- Signs and Symptoms
- Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
- Belching
- Nighttime Coughing
- Dysphagia
- Epigastric Pain
- Regurgitation
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Globus
2 mins
GI Absorption
- Stomach
- Alcohol
- Duodenum
- Iron
- Jejunum
- Folate
- Terminal Ileum
- Vitamin B12
- Bile Resorption
1 min
Barrett's Esophagus
- Histological findings
- Metaplasia in Lower Esophagus
- Columnar Epithelium
- Associated Pathologies
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Esophagitis
- Esophageal Ulcers
- Increased Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
1 min
H2 Receptor Blocker Side Effects
- Side Effects
- Decrease Creatinine Clearance
- Cimetidine
- Crosses Blood-Brain Barrier
- Anti-Androgen
- Inhibits Cytochrome P450
1 min
Peptic Ulcer Disease Interventions
- Combination Drug Therapy
- Two Antibiotics
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Decrease Acid Secretion
- Avoid NSAIDs
- Diet and Lifestyle Changes
1 min
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
- "-prazole" Suffix
- Indications
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Mechanism
- Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
- Side Effects
- Hip fracture
- Pneumonia
2 mins
Octreotide
- Indications
- Acute Variceal Bleeds
- Pituitary Tumors
- GH Secreting Tumors
- Carcinoid Tumors
- VIPoma
- Mechanism
- Somatostatin Analog
2 mins
H2 Receptor Blocker
- "-tidine" Suffix
- Indications
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Peptic Ulcer
- Mechanism
- Block Histamine H2 Receptors
- Parietal Cells
52 secs
Ondansetron
- Indications
- Postoperative Vomiting
- Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting
- Mechanism
- 5-HT3 Serotonergic Antagonist
- Centrally-acting Antiemetic
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Constipation
- QT Prolongation
1 min
Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Mechanism
- Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist
- Weak Dopamine Antagonist
- Indications
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Motion Sickness
- Side Effects
- Respiratory Depression
- Sedation
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Considerations
- Use Large Bore IV
- Monitor for Tissue Necrosis
2 mins
Metoclopramide
- Indications
- Antiemetic
- Promotility Agent
- Mechanism
- Increased Resting Tone
- Antagonist at D2 Receptor
- Side Effects
- Parkinsonian Symptoms
- Galactorrhea
- Contraindication
- Small Bowel Obstruction
- Parkinson's Disease
2 mins
Sucralfate (Carafate)
- Mechanism
- Creates Protective Barrier
- Indications
- GI Ulcers
- Side Effects
- Constipation
- Considerations
- Require Acidic Environment
- Give on Empty Stomach
- Oral Suspension Available
- May Decrease Absorption of Other Meds
2 mins
Pancreatin, Pancrelipase (Pancreatic Enzymes)
- Mechanism
- Pancreatic Enzymes
- Indications
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Pancreatic Insufficiency
- Side Effects
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Inactivated by Gastric Acid
- 24 Hour Fat Excretion
- Take with Every Meal and Snack
2 mins
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
- Mechanism
- Nutrition Given Outside GI
- Side Effects
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperlipidemia
- Refeeding Syndrome
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Slow IV Infusion
- Use Large Central Vein
- No Added Meds to TPN Line
2 mins
Activated Charcoal (Actidose)
- Mechanism
- Binds to Toxins
- Indications
- Ingested Poison
- Side Effects
- Black Stool
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Give As Soon As Possible
- Via Mouth or NG Tube
- Gastric Lavage
- Do Not Administer with Antidotes
2 mins
Achalasia
- Pathophysiology
- Failure to Relax Lower Esophageal Sphincter
- Malignancies
- Chagas Disease
- Loss of Auerbach Plexus
- Symptoms
- Dysphagia to Solids & Liquids
- Diagnosis
- Barium Swallow
- Bird's Beak Appearance
- Manometry
- Risk Factors
- Increased Risk Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2 mins
