Rocky Shared "LAST PHARM/ICM TEST" - 24 Picmonics
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LAST PHARM/ICM TEST
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Assessment
- Progressive Muscle Weakness
- Systemic Muscle Wasting
- Fasciculations
- Spasticity
- Fatigue
- Considerations
- Riluzole (Rilutek)
- Stretching
- Little to No Cognitive Decline
- Respiratory Support
- Palliative Care
2 mins
Friedreich's Ataxia
- Trinucleotide Repeat
- GAA Repeat
- Frataxin
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction
- Autosomal Recessive
- Hammertoes
- High Arches
- Kyphoscoliosis
- Lateral Corticospinal Tract
- Posterior Column
- Spinocerebellar Tract
- Type I Diabetes Mellitus
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
1 min
Meningitis Assessment
- Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Fever
- Nuchal Rigidity
- Severe Headache
- Purpura
- Seizures
- Photophobia
- Infants and Young Children
- Opisthotonus Position
- High-Pitched Cry
- Bulging Fontanel
2 mins
Epidural Hematoma
- Mechanism
- Middle Meningeal Artery Rupture
- Temporal Bone Fracture
- Hematoma Between Skull And Dura Mater
- Transtentorial Herniation
- Lucid Interval
- Imaging
- Lens-shaped on CT
- Does Not Cross Suture Lines
- Treatment
- Craniotomy
1 min
Subdural Hematoma
- Mechanism
- Tear of Bridging Veins
- Slow Bleeding, Over Time
- Imaging
- Subdural Space
- Crescent-shaped on CT
- Crosses Suture Lines
- Midline Shift
- Causes
- Elderly
- Whiplash
- Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome)
2 mins
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- Bleeding into Subarachnoid Space
- Mechanisms
- Trauma
- Aneurysm Rupture
- AVM Rupture
- Vasospasm causes Ischemia
- Signs & Symptoms
- "Worst Headache Of My Life"
- Diagnosis
- Noncontrast Head CT
- Lumbar Puncture
- Angiography
- Considerations
- Surgery
- Blood Pressure Control
- Intracranial Pressure Control
- Nimodipine for Vasospasm Prophylaxis
3 mins
Types of Strokes
- Warning Signs
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
- Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)
- Types
- Ischemic
- Thrombotic
- Atherosclerosis
- Embolic
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Hemorrhagic
- Severe Hypertension
3 mins
Placental Implantation Abnormalities
- Mechanism
- Placenta Adheres Directly to Myometrium
- Placenta Accreta
- Placenta Increta
- Placenta Percreta
- Caused by Scar Tissue
- Hemorrhage
- Diagnosis
- Ultrasound is First-line, then MRI
- Treatment
- C-section Delivery
- Artery Ligation or Embolization
2 mins
Multiple Sclerosis Features and Mechanisms
- Features
- More Common in Women
- Presents in 20's and 30's
- Northern Europeans
- Mechanism
- Unknown mechanism, genetic factor
- HLA-DRB1
- Autoimmune Demyelination of CNS
- White Matter of Brain and Spinal Cord
- T Cell Mediated Inflammation
2 mins
Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Symptoms
- Optic Neuritis
- Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
- Scanning Speech
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Motor Issues (Intention Tremor, Paresis)
- Numbness and Pain
- Depression
- Relapsing Symptoms
- Diagnosis
- Gold Standard = Plaques on MRI
- Increased CSF Immunoglobulins (IgG)
- Oligoclonal Bands
4 mins
5 A's of Alzheimer's Disease
- Agnosia
- Anomia
- Aphasia
- Apraxia
- Amnesia
1 min
Glioblastoma Multiforme
- Most Common Malignant Primary Brain Tumor
- Grade 4 Astrocytoma
- Can Cross Corpus Callosum
- Butterfly Glioma
- Pseudo-palisading Tumor Cells
- Areas of Necrosis and Hemorrhage
- Stain Astrocytes for Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)
- Grave Prognosis
2 mins
Meningioma
- Epidemiology
- Most Common Adult Primary Brain Tumor
- pathology
- Benign
- Originate from Arachnoid Villi
- Dural Attachment
- Parasagittal
- Clinical Manifestations
- Contralateral Leg Weakness
- Seizures
- Diagnosis
- Psammoma Bodies
- Calcifications
- Increased Bone Density
3 mins
Schwannoma
- Characteristics
- Acoustic Schwannoma
- Cranial Nerve VIII
- Cerebellopontine Angle
- S100 Positive
- Bilateral Schwannoma in Neurofibromatosis Type 2
- Tinnitus
- Cranial Nerve V
- Affects Corneal Reflex
2 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Chromosome 17
- Signs and Symptoms
- Neurofibromas
- Optic Glioma
- Lisch Nodules
- Hamartomas
- Cafe Au Lait Spots
- Scoliosis
- Pheochromocytoma
4 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 2
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal-Dominant
- Chromosome 22
- Signs and Symptoms
- Vestibular Schwannoma
- Meningioma
- Ependymoma
- Cafe Au Lait Spots
- Cataracts
2 mins
Ependymoma
- Occur in Children
- Fourth Ventricle
- Hydrocephalus
- Perivascular Pseudorosettes
- Rod Shaped Blepharoplasts
- Cauda Equina in Adults
- Poor Prognosis
- Neurofibromatosis Type II
2 mins
Oligodendroglioma
- Slow growing tumor
- Frontal lobe
- Chicken Wire Pattern
- Fried egg appearance
- Calcifications
32 secs
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
- Occurs Most Commonly in Kids
- Posterior Fossa
- Cerebellum
- Well Circumscribed
- GFAP
- Rosenthal Fibers
- Eosinophilic Corkscrew Fibers
1 min
Medulloblastoma
- Pathophysiology
- Occurs in Children
- Cerebellum
- Fourth Ventricle
- Diagnosis
- Small Blue Cells
- Lots of Mitotic Figures
- Homer Wright Rosettes
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hydrocephalus
- Ataxia
- Wide-based Gait
- Treatment
- Radiosensitive
2 mins
