Briana Shared "Cardiac" - 39 Picmonics
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Cardiac
Acute Digoxin Toxicity
- Clinical Symptoms
- Hyperkalemia
- Cholinergic (Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea)
- Blurry Yellow Green Vision with Halo of Light
- Arrhythmia
- Bradycardia
- EKG Changes
- Prolonged PR interval
- Decreased QT
- Scooping on EKG
- T Wave Inversion
2 mins
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Ends in "-sartan"
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Angioedema
- Contraindications
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Pregnancy
1 min
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- "-pril" Suffix
- Mechanism of Action
- Block Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Dry Non-productive Cough
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Possible Hyperkalemia
- Angioedema
- Nursing Considerations
- Slowly Change Position
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Platelet Aggregation
- NSAID
- Indications
- Thrombotic Event Prevention
- General Pain
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Fever
- Side Effects
- Pancytopenia
- GI Ulcers
- Bleeding
- Considerations
- Withhold Before Surgery 7-10 Days
- Reye's Syndrome
2 mins
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- Characteristics
- -statin Suffix
- Mechanism
- HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- Indications
- High Cholesterol
- Side Effects
- Hepatotoxicity
- Rash
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Myopathy
- Considerations
- Monitor Liver Enzymes
- Administer at Bedtime
- Avoid Grapefruit
2 mins
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Mechanism of Action
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Nursing Consideration
- Medication Education
2 mins
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- Mechanism of Action
- Increases Inotropy
- Indications
- Heart Failure
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Fatigue
- Contraindications
- Heart Block
- Nursing Considerations
- Heart Rate Below 60
- Hypokalemia
- Monitor for Toxicity and Visual Changes
- Digibind
2 mins
Digoxin Toxicity Treatment
- Activated Charcoal
- Slowly Normalize K+
- Digibind (Anti-Digoxin Fab)
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Lidocaine
- Cardiac Pacing
2 mins
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Clotting Factors
- Factor Xa
- Indications
- Clot Formation Prevention
- Side Effects
- Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Bleeding
- Considerations
- Medication Education
- Subcutaneous Injection
- 2 Inches from Umbilicus or Incisions
- Antidote
- Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Heparin (Unfractionated)
- Mechanism of Action
- Suppresses Coagulation
- Indications
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Side Effects
- Hemorrhage
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Considerations
- Monitor aPTT
- Preferred (Safe) During Pregnancy
- Antidote
- Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- Indications
- Severe Hypertension
- CHF
- Reduced Afterload
- Pregnancy
- Mechanism of Action
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Side Effects
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Considerations
- Combined with Diuretic and Beta Blocker
1 min
Hyperkalemia
- Assessment
- > 5.0 mEq/L K+
- Abdominal Cramps
- Muscle Weakness
- Diarrhea
- Arrhythmia
- Tall, Peaked T Waves
- Interventions
- IV Calcium
- Infusion of Glucose and Insulin
- Loop or Thiazide Diuretics
- Kayexalate
- Dialysis
- Prevention Education
2 mins
Hypernatremia
- Assessment
- > 145 mEq/L Na+
- Change in LOC
- Extreme Thirst
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Dry Flushed Skin
- Muscle Twitching
- Seizures
- Priority Interventions
- Treat and Prevent Dehydration
- Hypotonic Solutions (0.225% or 0.45% NaCl)
- Sodium Restriction
- Diuretics
2 mins
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- ACE Inhibitors
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Beta Blockers
- Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
2 mins
Hypokalemia
- Assessment
- < 3.5 mEq/L
- Muscle Weakness
- Arrhythmia
- U Wave
- Ileus
- Hyporeflexia
- Interventions
- IV K+ Infusion at 5-10 mEq/hr
- Give Orally with Food
- Nursing Considerations
- Monitor Respiratory Status
3 mins
Hyponatremia
- Assessment
- < 135 mEq Na+
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Decreased LOC
- Confusion / Lethargy
- Seizures
- Priority Interventions
- Assess Airway
- Reduce Diuretic Dosage
- Fluid Excess Hyponatremia
- Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- Fluid Restriction
- Fluid Deficit Hyponatremia
- Hypertonic Solution (3% or 5% NaCl)
2 mins
Nitroglycerin
- Mechanism of Action
- Decreases Preload
- Indications
- Angina
- Up to 3 doses q 5 mins
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Contraindications
- Viagra (Sildenafil)
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure
- Protect From Light
- Use Glass Bottle and Special Tubing
- Gloves for Applying Topically
2 mins
Statins
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Hepatotoxicity
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
- Decrease LDL
- Decrease Triglycerides
- Increase HDL
2 mins
Warfarin (Coumadin)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Clotting Factors
- Indications
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Venous Thrombosis
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Assessment
- PT/INR Levels
- Observe for Bleeding
- Contraindications
- Pregnancy
- Nursing Considerations
- Vitamin K and Fresh Frozen Plasma
- Prolonged Therapeutic Onset
- Maintain Same Diet
2 mins
