Janani Shared "Z Reproduction" - 84 Picmonics
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Z Reproduction
Repro Genes
- Sonic Hedgehog
- Made at base of limbs
- Mutations lead to holoprosencephaly = field defect
- Anterior Posterior Axis and CNS development
- Homeobox (HOX)
- blueprint for skeletal morphology
- mutations lead to synpolydactyly (retinoid acid)
- Codes for transcription factors
- Segmental organization in craniocaudal axis
- WNT-7
- Dorsal / Ventral axis development
- Made at the apical ectodermal ridge
Neural Crest Derivatives
- CA MOTEL ASS
- Craniofacial Structures (skull)
- Arachnoid and Pia Mater
- Melanocytes
- Odontoblasts
- Tracheal Cartilage
- Enterochromaffin (Adrenal Medulla)
- Laryngeal Cartilage
- All Ganglia
- Schwann Cells
- Spiral Septum (Aorticopulmonary Septum)
2 mins
Surface Ectoderm Derivatives
- Rathke's pouch
- Anterior Pituitary
- Lens and cornea
- Inner Ear
- Epidermis
- Salivary glands
- Sweat glands
- Mammary glands
- Parotid gland
- Enamel of teeth
- Distal anal canal
Mesoderm derivitives
- Muscle
- Bone
- Bone marrow, blood, blood cells, blood vessels, heart
- Adrenal cortex
- Gonads
- Dermis
- Lymphatics
- Upper vagina
- Kidneys
- Microglia
- Spleen
Endoderm derivitives
- GI tract
- Liver
- Gallblader
- Pancreas
- Lungs
- Thymus
- Thyroid follicular cells
- Lower vagina
- Bladder epithelium
Aortic Arch Derivatives
- 1st Arch
- Maxillary Artery (branch of external carotid)
- 2nd Arch
- Stapedial Artery and Hyoid Artery
- 3rd Arch
- Common Carotid and Internal Carotid Arteries
- 4th Arch
- Aortic Arch (left) and Subclavian Artery (right)
- 6th Arch
- Pulmonary Arteries and Ductus Arteriosus
Pharyngeal Arch Derivatives: 1st Arch
- Cartilage
- Meckel's Cartilage
- Mandible
- Malleus
- Incus
- Sphenomandibular Ligament
- Muscles
- Muscles of Mastication
- Tensor Tympani
- Tensor Veli Palatini
- Anterior Belly of the Digastric
- Mylohyoid
- Nerves
- CN V2
- CN V3
- Conditions
- Treacher Collins Syndrome
3 mins
Pharyngeal Arch Derivatives: 2nd Arch
- Cartilage
- Reichert's Cartilage
- Stapes
- Styloid Process
- Lesser Horn of Hyoid
- Stylohyoid Ligament
- Muscles
- Muscles of Facial Expression
- Stapedius
- Stylohyoid
- Platysma
- Posterior Belly of Digastric
- Nerves
- CN VII
- Conditions
- Congenital Pharyngocutaneous Fistula
2 mins
Pharyngeal Arch Derivatives: 3rd Arch
- Cartilage
- Greater Horn of Hyoid
- Muscles
- Stylopharyngeus
- Nerves
- CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)
- Arteries
- Common Carotid
- Internal Carotid
1 min
Pharyngeal Arch Derivatives: 4-6 Arches
- Cartilage
- Thyroid
- Cricoid
- Arytenoids
- Corniculate
- Cuneiform
- Muscles
- 4th: Cricothyroid
- 4th: Pharyngeal Constrictors
- 6th: Intrinsic Muscles of Larynx
- Nerves
- 4th: CN X (Vagus Nerve)
- Superior Laryngeal Branch
- 6th: CN X (Vagus Nerve)
- Recurrent Laryngeal Branch
2 mins
Branchial Pouches: 1st Pouch
- Endoderm Lines the Auditory Tube
- Middle Ear Cavity
- Eustachian Tube
- Mastoid Air Cells
1 min
Branchial Pouches: 2nd Pouch
- Palatine Tonsils
38 secs
Branchial Pouches: 3rd Pouch
- Separates into Dorsal and Ventral Wings
- Dorsal Wings
- Inferior Parathyroid Glands
- Ventral Wings
- Thymus
1 min
Branchial Pouches: 4th Pouch
- Separates into Dorsal and Ventral Wings
- Dorsal Wings
- Superior Parathyroid Glands
- Ventral Wings
- Parafollicular (C) Cells of Thyroid Gland
- Formed by Endoderm
1 min
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome
- AKA Mullerian Aplasia
- Normal ovaries
- Normal estrogen
- Normal secondary sexual characteristics (breasts, pubic hair)
- no uterus, no upper vagina
- primary amenorrhea
- Rudimentary lower vagina is possible
- Low Testosterone levels
Congenital Penile Abnormalities
- Hypospadias
- Hypospadias
- Failure of urethral folds to fuse
- inguinal hernia
- Undescended Testicles (Cryptorchidism)
- Epispadias
- Epispadias
- Faulty positioning of genital tubercle
- bladder exstrophy
APGAR Score
- 1 and 5 Minutes
- Appearance
- Pulse
- Grimace
- Activity and Muscle Tone
- Respiration
- Total Scores
- Gentle Stimulation
- Oxygen
2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones I - Follicular Phase
- Characteristics
- 0-14 Days
- GnRH Stimulates FSH and LH
- Follicle Secretes Estrogen
- Negative Feedback from Estrogen
- Increased Estrogen Leads to Positive Feedback
- FSH and LH Surge
- LH Spike Leads to Ovulation
2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones II - Luteal Phase
- Days 15-28
- Corpus Luteum
- Secretes Progesterone
- Negative Feedback inhibits FSH and LH
- No pregnancy forms Corpus Albicans
- Stops Estrogen Secretion
- Endometrial Sloughing - Menses
- GnRH secretion produces new follicular phase
2 mins
Oogenesis
- Characteristics
- Primary Oocytes From Birth
- Meiosis I Once a Month
- Secondary Oocyte Plus Polar Body
- Frozen in Metaphase II, in Meiosis II
- Ovulation
- Fertilization by Sperm
- Meiosis II
- Ovum
- Zygote Forms
2 mins
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