Jeet Shared "sd v FINAL" - 95 Picmonics
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sd v FINAL
Tacrolimus (Prograf) Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- GI Distress
- Infection
- Hypertension
- Hyperkalemia
- Hyperglycemia
1 min
Normocytic Nonhemolytic Anemia Causes
- MCV 80-100
- Nonhemolytic
- Anemia of Chronic Disease/Inflammation
- Aplastic Anemia
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Early Iron Deficiency
1 min
Normocytic Hemolytic Anemia Causes
- Intrinsic Hemolytic
- Hereditary Spherocytosis
- RBC Enzyme Deficiency
- Hemoglobin C Defect
- Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Extrinsic Hemolytic
- Autoimmune
- Microangiopathic
- Mechanical Destruction
- Prosthetic Cardiac Valves
- Infection
- Snake Venom
2 mins
Anemia Lab Values
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Serum Iron Decreased
- Transferrin Increased
- Ferritin Decreased
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased
- Pregnancy and OCP Use
- Serum Iron Normal
- Transferrin Increased
- Ferritin Normal
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased
- Anemia of Chronic Disease
- Serum Iron Decreased
- Transferrin Decreased
- Ferritin Increased
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased or Normal
- Hemochromatosis
- Serum Iron Increased
- Transferrin Decreased
- Ferritin Increased
- % Transferrin Saturation Increased
3 mins
Macrocytic Anemia Causes
- MCV > 100
- Megaloblastic
- B12 Deficiency
- Folate Deficiency
- Orotic Aciduria
- Non Megaloblastic
- Alcoholism
- Liver Disease
- Reticulocytosis
2 mins
Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Causes
- Malnutrition/Malabsorption
- Hemorrhage
- Signs
- Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia
- Decreased Heme Synthesis
- Labs
- Decreased Reticulocytes
- Decreased Ferritin
- Increased Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
- Poikilocytosis
- Anisocytosis
- Increased Central Pallor
2 mins
Warm Agglutinin Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (W-AIHA)
- Pathophysiology
- Most Common Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- IgG Coats RBCs at Warm Temperatures
- Fc Portion of IgG Recognized By Macrophages
- Extravascular Hemolysis
- Medications
- Alpha Methyldopa
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Diagnosis
- Positive Coombs Test
- Treatment
- Corticosteroids
- Splenectomy
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
- Rituximab
3 mins
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
- Myeloblasts Increase on Peripheral Smear
- Median Onset 60 Years
- T 15;17 M3 Subtype
- Auer Rods
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a Common Presentation
- M5 Gum Infiltration
- Responds to Vitamin A
3 mins
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Pathophysiology
- BCR-ABL
- 9;22 Translocation
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Signs & Symptoms
- Tyrosine Kinase
- Low Alkaline Phosphatase
- Splenomegaly
- Considerations
- Blast Crisis
- Age 30 to 90 Years
- Responds to Imatinib
3 mins
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
- Ages < 15
- May Present with Bone Marrow Involvement in Children
- Mediastinal Mass in Adolescents
- TdT Positive
- CALLA Positive
- t(12;21) Better Prognosis
- Spread to CNS and Testes
- Most Responsive to Chemotherapy
2 mins
Psoriasis
- Presentation
- Epidermal Hyperproliferation Keratinocytes
- Defined Red Salmon Plaques
- Silvery Scales
- Extensor Surfaces
- Bleeding when Removed
- Auspitz Sign
- Pruritus
- Nail Changes
- Histological Finding
- Munro Microabscesses
- Nucleated Cells in Stratum Corneum
- Treatment
- Retinoids
- Topical Corticosteroids
- Tar
- Immunosuppressants
2 mins
Anti-desmoglein Antibodies
- Pemphigus Vulgaris
- Flaccid Blisters
- Skin and Oral Mucosa
- Positive Nikolsky's Sign
59 secs
Bullous Pemphigoid
- Linear Deposits of IgG
- Affects Hemidesmosomes
- Epidermal Basement Membrane
- Tense Blisters on Skin
- Nikolsky Negative
- Contain Eosinophils
- Rarely Affect Oral Mucosa
2 mins
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
- Epidemiology
- 2nd Most Common Skin Cancer
- UV Light Exposure
- Long-term Immunosuppression
- Arsenic Exposure
- Signs/Symptoms
- Ulcerative Red Lesion
- Precursor Actinic Keratosis
- Commonly Lower Lip
- Diagnosis
- Biopsy shows Keratin Pearls
- Treatment
- Mohs Micrographic Surgery
2 mins
Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
- Pathophysiology
- Most Common Skin Cancer
- 2/3 of Cases Due to UV Light Exposure
- Pink, Pearl-like Lesions
- Rolled Borders
- Telangiectasias
- Commonly Upper Lip
- Diagnosis
- Shave Biopsy
- Pallisading Nuclei
- Treatment
- Mohs Micrographic Surgery
2 mins
Melanoma Diagnosis
- Signs
- ABCDE Mnemonic
- Asymmetry
- Border irregularity
- Color variation
- Diameter > 6mm
- Evolution over time
- Diagnosis
- S-100 Tumor Marker
- LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) Screens for Metastasis
- Treatment
- Wide Local Excision
- Adjuvant Therapy
1 min
Osteosarcoma
- Pathophysiology
- Osteogenic Sarcoma
- Peak incidence men 10-20 years old
- Metaphysis of Long Bones
- Knee Region
- Radiation
- Familial Retinoblastoma
- Paget's Disease
- Diagnosis
- Codman Triangle
- Sunburst Pattern from Elevated Periosteum
- Grave Prognosis
2 mins
Chondrosarcoma
- Pathophysiology
- Cartilaginous tumor
- Malignant
- Men 30-60 years old
- Pelvic and femur bones
- Signs & Symptoms
- Glistening mass in medullary cavity
- Can be primary in origin or from osteochondroma
- Metastasize to lungs
1 min
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Destruction of Connective Tissue and Synovial Membrane
- Signs and Symptoms
- Inflammation of Joints
- Morning Stiffness
- Nodules
- Joint Deformities
1 min
Pseudogout
- Pathophysiology
- > 50 Years Old
- Arthritis of Large Joints (Classically the Knee)
- Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals
- Diagnosis
- Positively Birefringent
- Chondrocalcinosis (On X-ray)
- Treatment
- NSAIDs
- Colchicine
- Steroids
1 min
