Bradley Shared "LSU Pharm Exam 2" - 58 Picmonics
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LSU Pharm Exam 2
Adenosine (Adenocard)
- Mechanism
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Supraventricular Tachycardia (Paroxysmal)
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Flushing
- Dyspnea
- Considerations
- Rapid IV Push
- Caffeine and Theophylline Decrease Effectiveness
- Dipyridamole May Intensify Effects
2 mins
Lidocaine
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Indications
- Ventricular Arrhythmia
- Anesthetic
- Side Effects
- Paresthesias
- Seizures
- Respiratory Depression
- Drowsiness
- Consideration
- Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
1 min
Magnesium Sulfate
- Mechanism
- Muscle Relaxant
- Indications
- Preterm Labor Contractions
- Preeclampsia
- Side Effects
- Warm Feeling
- Hypotension
- Decreased Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRS)
- Decreased Respiratory Rate
- Decreased Urine Output
- Paralytic Ileus
- Antidote
- Calcium Gluconate
2 mins
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Mechanism of Action
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Nursing Consideration
- Medication Education
2 mins
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- Mechanism
- Osmotic Diuresis
- Indications
- Reducing Intracranial Pressure
- Reducing Intraocular Pressure
- Renal Failure Prophylaxis
- Side Effects
- Edema
- Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
- Considerations
- Avoid Use in Cardiac Patients
- IV Administration
2 mins
Loop Diuretics
- Mechanism of Action
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl-
- Sulfa Drug
- Drug Names
- Furosemide
- Lasix
- Side Effects
- Ototoxicity from Rapid Injection
- Gout
- Dehydration
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
2 mins
Loop Diuretic Education
- Furosemide (Lasix)
- Indications
- Heart Failure
- Pulmonary Edema
- Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
- Edema
- Education
- Notify the provider of weakness, dizziness, or muscle cramping
- Increase Potassium Intake
- Check BP Daily
- Daily Weights and Monitor IandOs
1 min
Ethacrynic Acid
- Mechanism of Action
- Non-sulfa Drug
- Phenoxyacetic Acid Derivative
- Loop Diuretic
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl- Cotransporter
- Thick Ascending Loop of Henle
- Clinical Use
- Diuresis
- Side Effects
- Hypokalemia
- Ototoxicity
- Gout
2 mins
Hydrochlorothiazide HCTZ
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Reabsorption NaCl and H2O
- Indications
- Edema
- Mild to Moderate Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Dehydration
- Hyperglycemia
- Gout
- Contraindications
- Sulfa Allergy
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
1 min
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- Mechanisms
- Inhibition of Aldosterone
- Potassium Retention
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Edema
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Hyperkalemia
- Endocrine Effects
- Consideration
- Avoid Potassium Supplements
2 mins
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- ACE Inhibitors
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Beta Blockers
- Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
2 mins
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- "-pril" Suffix
- Mechanism of Action
- Block Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Dry Non-productive Cough
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Possible Hyperkalemia
- Angioedema
- Nursing Considerations
- Slowly Change Position
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Ends in "-sartan"
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Angioedema
- Contraindications
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Pregnancy
1 min
Prazosin (Minipress)
- -osin suffix
- Mechanisms
- Selective Alpha-1 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Nightmares
- Side Effects
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Priapism / Inhibition of Ejaculation
- Nasal Congestion
- Considerations
- First Dose Effect
- Administer at Bedtime
2 mins
Hydralazine (Apresoline)
- Indications
- Severe Hypertension
- CHF
- Reduced Afterload
- Pregnancy
- Mechanism of Action
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Side Effects
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Considerations
- Combined with Diuretic and Beta Blocker
1 min
Minoxidil (Loniten, Rogaine)
- Mechanism
- Vasodilates Arterioles
- Indications
- Severe Hypertension
- Baldness
- Side Effects
- Reflex Tachycardia
- Blood Volume Expansion
- Hypertrichosis
- Pericardial Effusion
- Rash
- Considerations
- Give with Beta Blocker and Diuretic
2 mins
Nitroglycerin
- Mechanism of Action
- Decreases Preload
- Indications
- Angina
- Up to 3 doses q 5 mins
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Contraindications
- Viagra (Sildenafil)
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure
- Protect From Light
- Use Glass Bottle and Special Tubing
- Gloves for Applying Topically
2 mins
Sodium Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
- Mechanism
- Venous and Arterial Dilation
- Indications
- Hypertensive Crisis
- Side Effects
- Cyanide Toxicity
- Thiocyanate Toxicity
- Hypotension
- Considerations
- Short Term Administration
- Light Sensitive, Use Container
- Continuous BP Monitoring
2 mins
Primary Hypertension Risk Factors
- Excessive Alcohol Consumption
- High Sodium Diet
- Dyslipidemia
- Obesity
- People of African Descent
- Advanced Age
- Vitamin D Deficiency
- Reduced Nephron Number
- Diabetes
- Lack of Physical Activity
2 mins
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