bethany Shared "med/surg exam 1" - 228 Picmonics
With Picmonic, facts become pictures. We've taken what the science shows - image mnemonics work - but we've boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and built-in quizzing. Whether you're studying for your classes or getting ready for a big exam, we're here to help.
med/surg exam 1
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- Mechanism
- Guanosine Analog
- Inhibits Viral Replication
- Thymidine Kinase Activation
- Indications
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Side Effects (Oral)
- Headache
- GI Distress
- Side Effects (IV)
- CNS Toxicity
- Nephrotoxicity (Crystalline Nephropathy)
- Considerations
- Prevents Recurrent Episodes
- Slow IV Infusion
2 mins
Eye Medication Administration
- Procedure
- Supine with Neck Hyperextended
- Wash Away Crusts
- Cotton Ball on Cheekbone
- For Ophthalmic Drops
- Instill Drops into Conjunctival Sac
- Repeat if Missed or Patient Blinks
- 5 Minutes Before 2nd Medication
- For Ophthalmic Ointment
- Thin Stream Along Inner Edge
- Inner Canthus to Outer Canthus
2 mins
Ear Drops Medication Administration
- Indications
- Earwax Buildup
- Ear Infections
- Pulling The Pinna
- Child - Back and Downward
- Adult - Back and Upward
- Procedure
- Side-Lying with Ear Up
- Instill Medication
- Stay for 2-3 Minutes
- Nursing Considerations
- Room Temperature
- May Massage Tragus
- Perforated Eardrum
2 mins
Cataract
- Mechanism
- Age-related
- Assessment
- No Pain
- Cloudy Opaque Lens
- Decreased Visual Acuity
- Occurs Gradually
- Treatment
- Surgery
1 min
Detached Retina
- Assessment
- Flashes of Light
- Floaters
- Curtain Like Shadow
- Interventions
- Eye Patch
- Bed Rest
- Surgical Emergency
- Considerations
- No Vigorous Activity
2 mins
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
- Mechanism
- Dry (nonexudative)
- Wet (exudative)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Scotomas
- Blurred, Darkened Vision
- Loss of Central Vision
- Distortion of Vision
- Considerations
- Drug Therapy
- Surgery
- Low-vision Assistive Devices
2 mins
Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG - Acute)
- Mechanism
- Rapid Increase in IOP
- Signs and Symptoms
- Rapid Onset
- Pain
- Blurred Vision
- Halos Around Lights
- Nausea and Vomiting
- IOP over 30 mm Hg
- Considerations
- Drug Therapy
- Surgery
1 min
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG - Chronic)
- Mechanism
- Flow of Aqueous Humor Slowed
- Signs and Symptoms
- Slow Onset
- No Pain
- Tunnel Vision
- IOP 22-32mm Hg
- Considerations
- Drug Therapy
1 min
Cardiovascular Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Cardiac Myocytes and Vasculature
- Decrease cAMP
- Decreases SA and AV Node Conduction Velocity
- Lower Blood Pressure
- Decrease O2 Consumption
- Decreases Mortality Post-MI
2 mins
Pilocarpine (Pilocar)
- Mechanism
- Direct Cholinergic Agonist
- Contracts Iris Sphincter
- Contracts Ciliary Muscle
- Indications
- Xerostomia
- Glaucoma
- Side Effects
- Detached Retina
- Decreased Visual Acuity
- Eye Irritation
- Cholinergic Effects
- Considerations
- Avoid with Asthma or Bradycardia
2 mins
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Otitis Media Assessment
- Red or Bulging Tympanic Membrane
- Ear Pain
- Pulling at Ear
- Fever
- Upper Respiratory Infection
- Considerations
- More Common in Young Children
- Eustachian Tube Narrower
- Conductive Hearing Loss
- Smoking Increases Risk
2 mins
Otitis Media Interventions
- Antipyretics
- Analgesics
- Antibiotics
- Irrigation
- Position on Affected Side
- Myringotomy
- Tympanostomy Tube
2 mins
Meniere's Disease
- Mechanism
- Excess Endolymph
- Signs and Symptoms
- Tinnitus
- One-sided Sensorineural Hearing Loss
- Vertigo
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Meclizine (Antivert)
- Low Salt Diet
- Surgery
2 mins
Care for the Hard of Hearing
- Assessment
- Normal: 0-15 dB
- Rinne's Test
- Weber's Test
- Tinnitus
- Difficulty Following Conversations
- Nursing Considerations
- Face Patient/Speak Clearly
- Rephrase Misunderstood Statements
- Repeat Statements Back
- Hearing Aids
- Sign Language
2 mins
Autonomic Nervous System
- Characteristics
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Fight or Flight
- All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
- Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
- Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
- Rest and Digest
- Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
2 mins
Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Characteristics
- Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Temporal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
- Medulla Oblongata
- Cerebellum
- Pons
- Spinal Cord
- Dorsal Root Ganglia
- Grey Matter
- White Matter
2 mins
Neuron Action Potential Initiation
- Characteristics
- Summation of Signals
- -50 mV Threshold Value Reached
- Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Open
- Local Depolarization
- Na+ Influx
- Potassium Channels open
- Repolarization
2 mins
Neuron Action Potential Propagation
- Characteristics
- Unidirectional Depolarization
- Absolute Refractory Period In Preceding Na+ Channels
- Neighboring Voltage Gate Channels Open
- Nodes of Ranvier
- Myelination Increases Propagation Speed
- Saltatory Conduction
3 mins
Electrical Synapse
- Characteristics
- Cardiac and Smooth Muscle Location
- Fast Transmission
- Bidirectional
- Presynaptic Na+ Floods Through Gap Junction
- Na+ Influx Initiates Postsynaptic Action Potential
2 mins
Ace Your Registered Nurse (RN) Classes & Exams with Picmonic:
Over 1,970,000 students use Picmonic’s picture mnemonics to improve knowledge, retention, and exam performance.
Choose the #1 Registered Nurse (RN) student study app.
Picmonic for Registered Nurse (RN) covers information that is relevant to your entire Registered Nurse (RN) education. Whether you’re studying for your classes or getting ready to conquer your NCLEX®-RN, Hesi, ATI, TEAS test, Kaplan exams, we’re here to help.
Works better than traditional Registered Nurse (RN) flashcards.
Research shows that students who use Picmonic see a 331% improvement in memory retention and a 50% improvement in test scores.