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Peter Shared "Neuro" - 402 Picmonics

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Neuro

Neuron Resting Potential
Characteristics
More Na+ Outside
Sodium-Potassium Pump
K+ Leaks Out
More K+ Inside
About -70mV
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels are Closed
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2 mins
Anticholinergics
B.O.AT.S Acronym
Benztropine
Parkinson's Disease
Oxybutynin
Decrease bladder spasms
Atropine
Mydriasis and Cycloplegia
Scopolamine
Motion Sickness
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1 min
Neuron Action Potential Initiation
Characteristics
Summation of Signals
-50 mV Threshold Value Reached
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Open
Local Depolarization
Na+ Influx
Potassium Channels open
Repolarization
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2 mins
Autonomic Nervous System
Characteristics
Sympathetic Nervous System
Fight or Flight
All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Rest and Digest
Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
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2 mins
Neuron Action Potential Propagation
Characteristics
Unidirectional Depolarization
Absolute Refractory Period In Preceding Na+ Channels
Neighboring Voltage Gate Channels Open
Nodes of Ranvier
Myelination Increases Propagation Speed
Saltatory Conduction
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3 mins
Epinephrine
Mechanism of Action
Alpha Agonist
Beta Agonist
Indications
Hypotension
Anaphylaxis
Allergy
Glaucoma
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45 secs
Pilocarpine (Pilocar)
Mechanism
Direct Cholinergic Agonist
Contracts Iris Sphincter
Contracts Ciliary Muscle
Indications
Xerostomia
Glaucoma
Side Effects
Detached Retina
Decreased Visual Acuity
Eye Irritation
Cholinergic Effects
Considerations
Avoid with Asthma or Bradycardia
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2 mins
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Poisoning
DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Emesis
Lacrimation
Salivation
Sweating
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2 mins
Anticholinergics Continued
Drugs
Glycopyrrolate
Reduces Airway Secretions
Ulcer Treatment
Ipratropium
Asthma and C.O.P.D
Dicyclomine
Hyoscyamine
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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1 min
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Antidote
Antidote
Atropine
Pralidoxime
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1 min
Atropine
Indications
Blocks DUMBBeLSS
Bradycardia
Side Effects
Skin Flushing
Increased Temperature
Dry Mouth
Cycloplegia
Disorientation
Mydriasis
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1 min
Alpha 1 Receptor
Characteristics
Gq Subunit
Increase Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction
Increase Pupillary Dilator Muscle Contraction
Increase Intestinal and Bladder Sphincter Muscle Contraction
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1 min
Beta-1 Receptor
Characteristics
Gs Protein Class
Increased Heart Rate
Increased Contractility
Increase Renin Release
Increased Lipolysis
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44 secs
Norepinephrine (Levophed)
Mechanism of Action
Alpha Agonist
Beta-1 Agonist
Indications
Severe Hypotension
Side Effect
Decreases Renal Blood Flow
Arrhythmias
Hypertension
Considerations
Tissue Necrosis
Last Resort Medication
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2 mins
Neural Crest Derivatives
CA MOTEL ASS
Craniofacial Structures (skull)
Arachnoid and Pia Mater
Melanocytes
Odontoblasts
Tracheal Cartilage
Enterochromaffin (Adrenal Medulla)
Laryngeal Cartilage
All Ganglia
Schwann Cells
Spiral Septum (Aorticopulmonary Septum)
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2 mins
Pharyngeal Arch Derivatives: 1st Arch
Cartilage
Meckel's Cartilage
Mandible
Malleus
Incus
Sphenomandibular Ligament
Muscles
Muscles of Mastication
Tensor Tympani
Tensor Veli Palatini
Anterior Belly of the Digastric
Mylohyoid
Nerves
CN V2
CN V3
Conditions
Treacher Collins Syndrome
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3 mins
dopamine
Use
cardiogenic shock
acute heart failure
mechanism
a1 receptor binding
vasodilation
increased heart contractility
increased heart rate
vasoconstriction
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Beta-2 Receptor
Characteristics
Gs protein class
Increased Heart Rate
Increased Contractility
Increased Lipolysis
Increased Insulin
Increased Aqueous Humor Production
Ciliary Muscle Relaxation
Vasodilation
Bronchodilation
Decrease Uterine Tone
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2 mins
Beta-2 Agonists
Short-term Treatment
Terbutaline
Asthma
Tocolysis
Albuterol
Asthma
Long-term Treatment
Salmeterol
Asthma
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
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3 mins
Dobutamine
Mechanism
Beta-1 Agonist
Inotropic
Indications
Heart Failure
Side Effects
Tachycardia
Arrhythmias
Considerations
Closely Monitor Patients
Other Meds May Increase Potency
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1 min

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