Zachary-Trevor Shared "Fundamentals" - 31 Picmonics
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Fundamentals
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG - Chronic)
- Mechanism
- Flow of Aqueous Humor Slowed
- Signs and Symptoms
- Slow Onset
- No Pain
- Tunnel Vision
- IOP 22-32mm Hg
- Considerations
- Drug Therapy
1 min
Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG - Acute)
- Mechanism
- Rapid Increase in IOP
- Signs and Symptoms
- Rapid Onset
- Pain
- Blurred Vision
- Halos Around Lights
- Nausea and Vomiting
- IOP over 30 mm Hg
- Considerations
- Drug Therapy
- Surgery
1 min
Detached Retina
- Assessment
- Flashes of Light
- Floaters
- Curtain Like Shadow
- Interventions
- Eye Patch
- Bed Rest
- Surgical Emergency
- Considerations
- No Vigorous Activity
2 mins
Cataract
- Mechanism
- Age-related
- Assessment
- No Pain
- Cloudy Opaque Lens
- Decreased Visual Acuity
- Occurs Gradually
- Treatment
- Surgery
1 min
Meniere's Disease
- Mechanism
- Excess Endolymph
- Signs and Symptoms
- Tinnitus
- One-sided Sensorineural Hearing Loss
- Vertigo
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Meclizine (Antivert)
- Low Salt Diet
- Surgery
2 mins
CN VIII
- Vestibulocochlear Nerve
- Sensory
- Hearing
- Balance
55 secs
Otitis Media Interventions
- Antipyretics
- Analgesics
- Antibiotics
- Irrigation
- Position on Affected Side
- Myringotomy
- Tympanostomy Tube
2 mins
Otitis Media Assessment
- Red or Bulging Tympanic Membrane
- Ear Pain
- Pulling at Ear
- Fever
- Upper Respiratory Infection
- Considerations
- More Common in Young Children
- Eustachian Tube Narrower
- Conductive Hearing Loss
- Smoking Increases Risk
2 mins
Braden Scale
- Characteristics
- Sensory Perception
- Moisture
- Activity
- Mobility
- Nutrition
- Friction and Shear
2 mins
Use of Restraints
- Use Guidelines
- During Emergency
- Protecting From Harm
- For Limited Time
- Considerations
- Last Resort
- May Further Agitation
- Frequent Observation
- Obtain Order Within 1 Hour
- Quick-Release Tie
2 mins
Care for the Visually Impaired
- Assessment
- Decreased Visual Acuity
- Snellen Chart
- Status of Corrective Lenses
- Nursing Considerations
- Sighted-Guide Technique
- Communication
- Safe Environment
- Medications
- Clock Technique for Food
- Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
1 min
Pressure Ulcers
- Risk Factors
- Prolonged Immobilization
- Neurologic Disease
- Decreased Level of Consciousness
- Classification
- Stage 1: Intact Skin with Non-blanchable Erythema
- Stage 2: Partial Thickness Skin Loss
- Stage 3: Full-thickness Skin Loss without Fascial Involvement
- Stage 4: Full-thickness Skin Loss with Fascial Involvement
- Management
- Wound Care
- Surgery
- Considerations
- Septicemia
- Osteomyelitis
- Prevention
3 mins
Immobility
- Assessment
- Mobility Continuum
- Complications
- Cardiovascular
- Respiratory
- Musculoskeletal
- Integumentary
- Gastrointestinal
- Urinary
- Considerations
- Turn, Cough, Deep Breathe (TCDB)
- Range of Motion (ROM)
- Skin Care
- Fluids
- Balanced Diet
2 mins
Standard Precautions
- Hand Hygiene
- Wash In / Wash Out
- Alcohol-Based Hand Rub
- Hand Washing
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Gown
- Face Mask
- Goggles/Face Shield
- Gloves
- Donning and Removing PPE
- Discard Sharps in Puncture-Resistant Container
- Cough Etiquette
2 mins
Contact Precautions
- Private Room
- Wash In / Wash Out
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Gloves
- Gown
- Limit Time Patient Leaves Room
- Leave Equipment In Room
- Special Linen Handling
- Same Pathogen, Same Room
- History of Contact Isolation
- Preventative Education
2 mins
Droplet-Airborne Precautions
- Private Room
- Droplet
- Droplets Larger than 5 Microns
- Being Within 3 Feet of Patient
- Surgical Mask with Face Shield
- Type of Infection or Condition
- Airborne
- Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR)
- Droplets Smaller than 5 Microns
- N95 Respirator
- Type of Infection or Condition
2 mins
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Physiological Needs
- Oxygen, Water, Nutrition
- Body temperature, Elimination, Shelter, Sexual Expression
- Safety and Security
- Physical Safety
- Physiological Safety
- Love and Belonging
- Affection and Companionship
- Esteem
- Self Respect and Respect for Others
- Self Actualization
- Fulfillment
2 mins
Patient Position Overview
- Position Techniques
- Trochanter Roll
- Trapeze Bar
- Ankle-Foot Orthotic (AFO) Devices
- Positions
- Fowlers Position
- Supine Position
- Trendelenburg
- Side-Lying Position
- Prone Position
- Sims' Position
- Nursing Considerations
- Reposition q2 Hours/Prevent Skin Breakdown
- Confirm Body Alignment
2 mins
Interventions for Impaired Skin Integrity
- Assessment
- Signs of Skin Breakdown
- Pain
- Redness
- Decreased Skin Turgor
- Bleeding
- Bony Prominences
- Intervention
- Reposition Q2H
- Pressure Relief
- Maintain Clean and Dry Skin
- Adequate Nutrition and Hydration
2 mins
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
- Mechanism
- Dry (nonexudative)
- Wet (exudative)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Scotomas
- Blurred, Darkened Vision
- Loss of Central Vision
- Distortion of Vision
- Considerations
- Drug Therapy
- Surgery
- Low-vision Assistive Devices
2 mins
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