Routes of Administration Part One
- Oral
- Sublingual
- Buccal
- Rectal
- Tubes
- Transdermal
- Drops/Spray
- Vaginal
- Inhalation
Routes of Administration Part Two (Parenteral)
- Intradermal
- Subcutaneous
- Intramuscular (IM)
- Intravenous
- Epidural
- Intrathecal
- Intraosseous
- Intraperitoneal
Intramuscular Medication (IM) Administration
- Injury to Nerves, Bone, and Blood Vessels
- Deltoid
- Vastus Lateralis
- Ventrogluteal
- Selection of Needle Length
- Aseptic Technique for Drawing Up
- Z-Track
- 90 Degree Angle
- Max Amount (2-5 mL Adult, 1 mL Child)
- Techniques to Reduce Pain
Transdermal Medication Administration
- Patch or Disc
- Directly on Skin of Arms, Chest, Upper Back
- Avoids First Pass Metabolism
- Sustained Administration of Medication
- Clean Skin After Removal
- Rotate Sites of Patches
- Apply to Dry Skin
- Avoid Shaved Skin
- Avoid Heat
- Nitro Effects Lost After 24 Hours
Ear Drops Medication Administration
- Earwax Buildup
- Ear Infections
- Child - Back and Downward
- Adult - Back and Upward
- Side-Lying with Ear Up
- Instill Medication
- Stay for 2-3 Minutes
- Room Temperature
- May Massage Tragus
- Perforated Eardrum
Eye Medication Administration
- Supine with Neck Hyperextended
- Wash Away Crusts
- Cotton Ball on Cheekbone
- Instill Drops into Conjunctival Sac
- Repeat if Missed or Patient Blinks
- 5 Minutes Before 2nd Medication
- Thin Stream Along Inner Edge
- Inner Canthus to Outer Canthus