Osteoarthritis Assessment
- Aging
- Articular Cartilage Destruction
- Biomechanical Stress
- Asymmetric
- Pain Decreases with Rest
- Morning Stiffness under 30 Minutes
- Crepitus
- DIP and PIP Joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment
- Destruction of Connective Tissue and Synovial Membrane
- Inflammation of Joints
- Morning Stiffness
- Nodules
- Joint Deformities
Osteoporosis Assessment
- Postmenopausal Women
- Long Term Corticosteroids
- Kyphosis
- Dowager's Hump
- Loss of Height
- Back Pain
- Pathologic Fractures
- Spinal Compression Fracture
Scoliosis
- S Shaped Lateral Spinal Rotation
- Unequal Shoulder and Scapula Height
- Uneven Gait
- Impaired Oxygenation
- Hump when Bending Forward
- Body Braces
- Worn 23 Hours/Day
- Surgery
- Adolescent Screening
Muscular Dystrophy
- X-linked Recessive
- Muscle Weakness
- Motor Problems
- Gower Sign
- Large Calves
- Waddling Gait
- Loss of Ambulation
- Cardiac and Respiratory Failure
Types of Fractures
- Nondisplaced
- Displaced
- Incomplete
- Complete
- Closed
- Open
- Direction of Fracture Line
Hip Fracture
- External Rotation
- Muscle Spasms
- Shortened Leg
- Pain
- Buck's Traction
- Analgesics
- Surgery
- Avascular Necrosis
Compartment Syndrome Assessment
- Trauma
- Increased Pressure
- Compressed Nerves and Blood Vessels
- 1 or more of 6 P's
- Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
- May take Days to develop
- Early Detection
- Ischemia
- Damage often Irreversible
ACL Tear
- Non-contact
- Popping
- Sudden Stop
- Change in Direction
- Unhappy Triad
- Lachman Test
- Reconstruction if Severe
Meniscus Tear
- Fibrocartilage Semicircular Band
- Traumatic
- Unhappy Triad
- Degenerative
- Clicking and Locking
- McMurray Test
- Pain on External Rotation
- Conservative Management
- Surgery
Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
- Joint Pain (Uncontrolled)
- Impaired Mobility
- Compression Dressing
- Frequent Neurovascular Assessments
- Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) Devices
- Early Ambulation
- Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
- Limit Flexion Positions
- Monitor for Infection
Amputation
- Trauma
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Diabetes Complications
- Gentle Handling
- Surgical Tourniquet at Bedside
- Prevent Contractures
- Frequent Inspection
- Compression Bandages
- Phantom Pain
- Mirror Therapy
Supracondylar Fracture Of Humerus
- Fall On Outstretched Hand (FOOSH)
- More Common In Children
- Elbow Pain & Swelling
- X-ray Shows Elbow Effusion
- Anterior Sail Sign
- Posterior Fat Pad Sign
- Non-displaced: Splint And Sling
- Displaced: Closed Reduction With Percutaneous Pin Placement
- Compartment Syndrome
- Volkmann Ischemic Contracture
- Brachial Artery Injury
- Median Nerve Palsy
- Cubitus Varus Deformity
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation
- Axillary Nerve Damage
- Axillary Artery
- Supraspinatus Tendon
- Anterior Glenohumeral Ligament
- Bankart's Lesion
- Hill-Sachs Lesion
Cleft Lip or Palate Interventions
- Encourage Bonding
- Prosthodontic Device
- Modified Nipple
- Burping
- Surgical Repair
- Normal Saline Rinse
- Elbow Restraints
- Avoid Rigid Eating Utensils
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Median Nerve Entrapment
- Compression at Carpal Tunnel
- Numbness, Tingling and Pain in Hand
- Phalen's Maneuver
- Tinel's Sign
- Splints
- Surgery
- Steroids