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Musculoskeletal (Orthopedics) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Osteosarcoma
- Pathophysiology
- Osteogenic Sarcoma
- Peak incidence men 10-20 years old
- Metaphysis of Long Bones
- Knee Region
- Radiation
- Familial Retinoblastoma
- Paget's Disease
- Diagnosis
- Codman Triangle
- Sunburst Pattern from Elevated Periosteum
- Grave Prognosis
2 mins
Chondrosarcoma
- Pathophysiology
- Cartilaginous tumor
- Malignant
- Men 30-60 years old
- Pelvic and femur bones
- Signs & Symptoms
- Glistening mass in medullary cavity
- Can be primary in origin or from osteochondroma
- Metastasize to lungs
1 min
Ewing's Sarcoma
- Epidemiology
- Most Common in Boys < 15 years old
- Pathophysiology
- 11;22 Translocation
- Characteristics
- Long bones, Pelvis, Ribs
- Diaphysis
- Small Blue Cells
- Malignant
- Aggressive
- Onion-skin Appearance
- TREATMENT
- Responsive to Chemotherapy
2 mins
Giant Cell Tumor
- Pathophysiology
- Osteoclastoma
- Epiphyseal End of Long Bones
- Peak Incidence 20-40 Years
- Benign
- Knee Region
- Diagnosis
- Soap Bubble Appearance on X-ray
- Spindle-shaped Cells
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
46 secs
Osteochondroma
- Characteristics
- Most Common Benign Bone Tumor
- Males Under 25
- Cartilage-capped Spurs
- Metaphysis of Long Bones
- Small Risk of Chondrosarcoma
- Clinical Features
- Painless Mass near Joint
- Painful if Growing or Malignant
- Workup
- X-Ray
- MRI if Concern for Malignancy or Functional Limitation
- Management
- Monitoring
- Surgery
3 mins
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Characteristics
- Antigen Presentation Defect
- Lytic Bone Lesions
- Skull
- Presentation
- Hypopituitarism
- Diabetes Insipidus
- Skin Rash
- Recurrent Otitis Media
- Diagnosis
- Birbeck Granules
- "Tennis Racket" Appearance
- S100 Positive
- Management
- Observation
- Prednisone +/- Vinblastine
4 mins
Osteoid Osteoma and Osteoblastoma
- Characteristics
- Benign Bone Tumors
- Osteoid Osteoma
- Osteoid Osteoma
- Cortex of Long Bones
- Pain Relieved by NSAIDs
- Pain Worse at Night
- <2 cm
- Radiolucent Nidus with Surrounding Sclerosis
- Osteoblastoma
- Osteoblastoma
- Spine
- Pain Not Relieved by NSAIDs
- > 2 cm
- Radiolucent Nidus without Surrounding Sclerosis
- Management
- Surgery
3 mins
Osteoma
- Benign
- Cortex
- Compact and Wavy (Trabecular) Bone
- Skull and Paranasal Sinuses
- Symptoms are Variable
- ASSOCIATIONS
- Gardner Syndrome
- Tuberous Sclerosis
- CHARACTERISTICS
- Lesions with Density Identical to the Cortex
- TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS
- Observation
- No Malignant Transformation
3 mins
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