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Pathology | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Pulmonary Embolism Presentation and Diagnosis
- Presentation
- Sudden onset Shortness of Breath (S.O.B.)
- Tachypnea
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Hemoptysis
- Hypoxemia
- Sudden Death
- Diagnosis
- Gold Standard: CT Pulmonary Angiography
- X-Ray
- D-Dimer
- V/Q Scan
1 min
Pulmonary Embolism Causes
- Causes
- FAT BAT Mnemonic
- Fat
- Air
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Bacteria
- Amniotic Fluid
- Tumor
- Risk Factors
- Hypercoagulable
- Central Venous Lines
- Immobilized
1 min
Wells' Criteria for Pulmonary Embolism
- Scoring
- Clinical Symptoms of DVT (+3)
- Pulmonary Embolism Most Likely Diagnosis (+3)
- Tachycardia (+1.5)
- Immobilization > 3 Days (+1.5)
- Previous DVT or PE (+1.5)
- Hemoptysis (+1)
- Malignancy (+1)
- Probability
- > 6 = High
- 2-6 = Moderate
- < 2 = Low
3 mins
Pulmonary Hypertension Diagnosis and Management
- Diagnosis
- Echocardiogram
- Right Heart Cathetherization
- > 20 mmHg at Rest
- Chest X-Ray
- MANAGEMENT
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
- Prostacyclin Analogs
- PDE-5 inhibitors
2 mins
Pulmonary Hypertension Classification (WHO)
- Group 1
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- Idiopathic
- Hereditary
- BMPR2 Mutation
- Group 2
- Left Heart Disease
- Group 3
- Lung Diseases or Hypoxia
- COPD
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Group 4
- Chronic Pulmonary Emboli
- Group 5
- Multifactorial
2 mins
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Characteristics
- Mechanism
- Virchow's Triad
- Venous Stasis
- Endothelial Damage
- Hypercoagulability
- Symptoms
- Tenderness
- Homan's Sign
- Warmth
- Redness
- Swelling
- Asymptomatic
1 min
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Management
- Diagnosis
- Compression Ultrasound (CUS) with Doppler
- D-Dimer
- Contrast Venography
- Treatment
- IVC Filter
- Heparin for Acute Management
- Warfarin for Long-term Management
- Thrombectomy/Thrombolysis
- Stockings
- Walking
4 mins
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