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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2021)
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2021) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid

Page 126 -
11 Picmonics to Learn | 29 mins
Haemophilus influenzae Characteristics
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Coccobacilli
PRP Capsule in Type B
Positive Quellung Reaction
IgA Protease
Chocolate Agar
Factor V is NAD
Factor X is Hematin
Staph Aureus Provides Factor V
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2 mins
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Characteristics
Characteristics
Gram Negative
Diplococci
Chocolate Agar
Thayer-Martin Media
VPN
Oxidase Positive
Glucose Fermenting
Pilus
Opa Surface Protein
Rapid Antigenic Variation
IgA Protease
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2 mins
Neisseria Meningitidis
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Diplococci
Chocolate Agar
Thayer-Martin Media
VPN
Oxidase-Positive
Maltose Fermentation
Glucose Fermentation
Endotoxin
Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in Membrane
Polysaccharide Capsule
IgA Protease
Disease
Waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome
Adrenal Insufficiency
Petechial Rash
Treatments
Ceftriaxone
Rifampin Prophylaxis
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5 mins
Bordetella pertussis
Pathophysiology
Gram-Negative
Coccobacillus
Bordet-Gengou Agar
ADP Ribosylating AB Toxin
Inhibits Gi to cause Increase in cAMP
Signs AND Symptoms
Lymphocytosis
Increase in Insulin
Catarrhal Phase is Infectious Period
Paroxysmal Phase is Symptomatic Period
Whooping Cough
Treatment
Macrolides
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4 mins
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Characteristics
Gram-Positive
Bacillus
Exotoxin
ADP Ribosylation of Elongation Factor 2
Beta Prophage
Lysogeny
Tellurite Agar
Chinese Letters
Metachromatic Blue Red Granules
Aniline Stains Deeply Methylene Blue
Signs and Symptoms
Pseudomembranous Pharyngitis
Lymphadenopathy
Myocarditis
Polyneuritis
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3 mins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Characteristics
Characteristics
Mycolic Acid Cell Wall
Acid-fast
Carbolfuchsin Stain Red
Lowenstein-Jensen Agar
Serpentine Cord Factor
Primary TB
Primary TB
Caseating Granuloma
Ghon Focus
Hilar Lymph Nodes
Ghon Complex
Reactivation TB
Reactivation TB
Reactivation in Apex
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3 mins
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Disease
CONSTITUTIONAL SYMPTOMS/PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Fever
Night Sweats
Weight Loss
Hemoptysis
EXTRA-PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Extrapulmonary Disease
Addison's Disease
CNS
Liver
Kidneys
GI
Bones
Pott's Disease
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3 mins
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
Characteristics
No Cell Wall and No Gram Stain
Cholesterol Membrane
Eaton's Agar
Mulberry Colonies
Disease
Atypical pneumonia
Military Recruits
Cold IgM Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Erythema Multiforme
Treatment
Tetracycline
Erythromycin
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2 mins
E. coli Overview
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacillus
Purple Colony with Metallic Green Sheen
Lactose-Fermenting
Pink on MacConkey Agar
Disease
Diarrhea
Lipid A Septic Shock
P Pili Pyelonephritis and Cystitis
K Capsule Neonatal Meningitis
K Capsule Pneumonia
H Antigen Flagella
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2 mins
Legionella Characteristics
Characteristics
Bacillus
Poor Gram Stain
Charcoal Yeast with Iron and Cysteine
Silver Stain
Water Sources
Smokers and Heavy Drinkers
Detect Antigen in Urine
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2 mins
Fungi Basic Characteristics
Characteristics
Hyphae
Mycelium
Septa
Chitin
Saprophytic
Digestive Enzymes
Sexual Reproduction
Haploid Spores
Yeast Budding
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2 mins

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