Local Anesthetic Overview
- Minor Procedures
- Epidurals
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- State Dependent
- Combined with Vasoconstrictors
- Infected Tissue Requires Higher Dose
- Esters
- Amides
- Arrhythmias
- Cardiotoxicity
Lidocaine
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Ventricular Arrhythmia
- Anesthetic
- Paresthesias
- Seizures
- Respiratory Depression
- Drowsiness
- Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
Inhaled Anesthetics
- Unknown Mechanism
- HEISMN Drug Name Acronym
- Respiratory Depression
- Myocardial Depression
- Lower Metabolic Demand, Increased Cerebral Blood Flow
- Hepatotoxicity (Halothane)
- Nephrotoxicity (Methoxyflurane)
- Seizure (Enflurane)
- Malignant Hyperthermia
- Expansion of Trapped Gas
IV Anesthetics
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepines
- Respiratory Depression
- Hypotension
- Ketamine
- NMDA Receptor Antagonist
- Hallucinations
- Opioids
- Propofol
- Potentiates GABA-A
Malignant Hyperthermia vs. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome vs. Serotonin Syndrome
- Autonomic Instability
- Muscle Rigidity
- Ryanodine Receptor 1 Mutation
- Inhaled Anesthetics
- Succinylcholine
- Dantrolene
- Antidopaminergic Medications
- Hyporeflexia
- Myoglobinuria
- Dantrolene
- Serotonergic Medications
- Hyperreflexia
- Clonus
- Cyproheptadine
Malignant Hyperthermia
- Autosomal-Dominant
- Ryanodine Receptor 1 Mutation
- Inhaled Anesthetics
- Succinylcholine
- Autonomic Instability
- Muscle Rigidity
- Dantrolene
Barbiturates
- Barb- Drug Names
- Seizure Treatment
- Anesthesia Induction
- Increased Duration of Cl- Channel Opening
- Decrease Neuron Firing
- Sedation
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Depression
- CNS Depression
- P450 inducer
Short-acting Benzodiazepines
- ATOM
- Alprazolam
- Triazolam
- Oxazepam
- Midazolam
- Anesthesia Induction
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
- Half-life < 12 Hours
- Dependence