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First Aid
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2024)
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2024) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid

Page 332 -
6 Picmonics to Learn | 12 mins
Anterior Pituitary
Characteristics
Hypothalamic Control
FLAT PeG Mnemonic
Tropic Hormones
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Lutenizing Hormone (LH)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Direct Hormones
Prolactin (PRL)
Growth Hormone (GH)
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Posterior Pituitary
Characteristics
Neuroendocrine Reflex Stimulation (By Hypothalamus)
Direct Hormones
Vasopressin
Increased Water Retention (In Kidneys)
Oxytocin
Increased Uterine Contraction
Mammary Glands Contraction
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Oxytocin (Pitocin)
Mechanism of Action
Increase Uterine Contractions
Indications
Labor Induction
Control Postpartum Hemorrhage
Side Effects
Uterine Rupture
Water Intoxication
Contraindications
Fetal Lung Immaturity
Cervix Not Ripened
Active Genital Herpes Infection
Considerations
Use Lowest Dose
IV Pump
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3 mins
Somatostatin
Secreted by D Cells
Pancreas
GI Tract
Action
Decrease Secretion of Gastric Acid and Pepsinogen
Decrease Pancreatic and Small Intestine Fluid Secretion
Decrease Gallbladder Contraction
Decrease Glucagon and Insulin Secretion
Regulation
Secretion is Increased by Acid
Secretion is Decreased by Vagal Stimulation
Clinical Use
Octreotide
Carcinoid Syndrome
Variceal Bleeds
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2 mins
Steroid Hormones
Characteristics
Nuclear Membrane
Long-Lived and Slow-Acting
Cholesterol-Derived
Intracellular Receptors
DNA Transcription
Examples
Testosterone
Aldosterone
Estrogen
Cortisol
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2 mins
Peptide Hormones
Characteristics
Fast-Acting and Short-Lived
Bind To Cell Membrane Receptors
Stimulate Secondary Messengers
Amino Acid-Derived
Examples
Insulin
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Vasopressin
Oxytocin
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins

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