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First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK (10th Ed.)/
Infectious Disease Manifestations of the SkinAce Your First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK (10th Ed.) Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Medicine (MD/DO) Students
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK (10th Ed.) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Characteristics
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Linear
- Signs and Symptoms
- Type 1 HSV
- Gingivostomatitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis
- Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
- Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
- Type 2 HSV
- Genital Vesicles
- Neonatal Herpes
- TORCHES
- Latent in Sacral Ganglia
- Diagnosis
- Tzanck Test
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
- Cowdry A Inclusions
- Treatment
- Acyclovir
2 mins
Genital Herpes
- Mechanism
- Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 (HSV)
- Assessment
- May Be Asymptomatic
- Oral or Genital Lesions
- Vesicles in Clusters
- Pain
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Antiviral Medications
- Acyclovir
- Valacyclovir
- Famciclovir
- Considerations
- Infectious During Recurrences
2 mins
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Herpesvirus 3
- Characteristics
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Signs and Symptoms
- Chickenpox
- Pneumonia
- Encephalitis
- Trigeminal and Dorsal Root Ganglia
- Shingles
- Diagnosis
- Tzanck Test
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
- Cowdry A Inclusion
- Treatment
- Acyclovir
2 mins
Varicella (Chickenpox)
- Mechanism
- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Signs and Symptoms
- Red Maculopapular Rash
- Vesicles Ooze and Crust
- Pruritus
- Centripetal
- Considerations
- Varicella Immunization
- Skin Care to Minimize Itching
- Isolate until Vesicles Crust
2 mins
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
- Cause/Mechanism
- Varicella-Zoster Virus
- Assessment
- Linear, Unilateral Rash Along a Dermatome
- Pruritus
- Postherpetic Neuralgia
- Interventions
- Acyclovir
- Analgesics
- Gabapentin
- Considerations
- Contagious Vesicles
- Shingrix
3 mins
Pox Virus
- Characteristics
- Enveloped
- Double-Stranded DNA
- Linear
- Non-Icosahedral
- Signs and Symptoms
- Smallpox
- Cowpox
- Molluscum Contagiosum
- Umbilicated Flesh-Colored Domed Lesions
1 min
Verrucae
- Warts
- Characteristics
- Papillary Cauliflower Like Growths
- Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus
- Epidermal Hyperplasia and Hyperkeratosis
- Koilocytes
- Management
- No Treatment Needed
- Topical Salicylic Acid
- Cryotherapy
2 mins
Genital Warts - Condylomata Acuminata
- Mechanism
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Assessment
- Papillary Cauliflower Like Growths
- Bleeding
- Vaginal Discharge
- Interventions
- Wart Removal
- Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
- Podophyllin resin
- Cryotherapy
- Considerations
- HPV Vaccine
- Cervical Cancer
2 mins
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Characteristics
- Non-enveloped
- Circular
- Double Stranded DNA
- Disease
- Warts 1, 2, 6, 11
- Condyloma acuminata
- Type 16, 18
- Cervical Carcinoma
- Penile Carcinoma
- AIDS/Immunocompromised
- Worsened by Smoking
- Diagnosis
- Koilocytic change in squamous epithelium
- Pyknotic Nuclei Surrounded by Clear Halo
- Treatment
- Vaccine Available
4 mins
Staphylococcus aureus Disease
- Skin Infections
- Impetigo
- Abscesses
- Exfoliative Toxin
- Scalded Skin Syndrome
- Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSST 1)
- Binds to MHC II and T Cell Receptor
- Food Poisoning
- Acute Bacterial Endocarditis
- Pneumonia
- Osteomyelitis
2 mins
Streptococcus Pyogenes Disease
- Pyogenic
- Pyogenic
- Pyogenic Pharyngitis
- Impetigo
- Cellulitis
- Toxigenic
- Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome
- Scarlet Fever
- Sandpaper Rash
- Strawberry Tongue
- Immunologic
- Immunologic
- Rheumatic Fever
- Antibodies to M Protein
- Acute Glomerulonephritis (Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis)
2 mins
Necrotizing Fasciitis Pathophysiology and Characteristics
- Bacterial Infection of Muscle Fascia and Subcutaneous Fat
- Polymicrobial or Monomicrobial
- Polymicrobial: Anaerobe + Gram Negative Enterobacteriaceae
- Monomicrobial: Group A Streptococcus or Staph Aureus
- Clinical Manifestations
- Edema Extending Beyond Erythema
- Crepitus
- Pain Out of Proportion (POOP)
- Anesthesia Over Affected Area (Late Finding)
5 mins
Necrotizing Fasciitis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis/Workup
- Usually a Clinical Diagnosis
- Soft Tissue Gas On CT
- Management
- Emergent Surgical Debridement
- Vasopressors and Fluids
- IV Immune Globulin If Strep Toxic Shock Syndrome
- Antibiotic Regimen
- Carbapenem Or Piperacillin-Tazobactam
- PLUS Clindamycin
- PLUS MRSA Coverage
4 mins
Acne Vulgaris Presentation and Pathophysiology
- Presentation
- Papules/Comedones in Mild Cases
- Blackheads Open, Whiteheads Closed
- Pustules in Mild-Moderate Cases
- Nodules/Cysts in Severe Cases
- Pathophysiology
- Inflammation at Hair Follicle/Sebaceous Gland
- Increased Androgens
- Colonization by Cutibacterium Acnes
3 mins
Mycobacterium leprae
- Characteristics
- Acid-Fast
- Aerobic
- Likes Cool Temperature
- Diagnosis by Skin Biopsy or PCR
- Lepromatous Leprosy
- Th2 Response
- Leonine Facies
- Tuberculoid Leprosy
- TH1 Response
- Hypoesthetic Skin Plaques
- Granulomatous Response
- Treatment
- Dapsone
- Rifampin
- Clofazimine
2 mins
Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea versicolor)
- Mechanism
- Lipid-Dependent Fungus
- Fatty Acids Damage Melanocytes
- Malassezia Furfur
- Hot, Humid Weather
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypopigmentation
- Hyperpigmented Patches
- Diagnosis
- Spaghetti and Meatball Appearance on KOH Prep
- Fragmented Hyphae with Clusters of Yeast
- Treatment
- Topical or Oral Antifungals
- Selenium Sulfide
- Zinc
4 mins
Tinea (Dermatophytes): General Characteristics And Management
- Fungal Cutaneous Infection
- Organisms
- Trichophyton
- Microsporum
- Epidermophyton
- Clinical Features
- Pruritic Rash
- Segmented Hyphae On KOH
- Management
- Topical Azole
- Terbinafine For Tinea Unguium (Nails)
2 mins
Candida Albicans
- Fungi
- Yeast with Pseudohyphae at 20 Degrees C
- Germ Tube Formation at 37 Degrees C
- Pruritic Vaginitis
- White Cottage Cheese Discharge
- Fiery Red Mucosa
- Diabetics
- Antibiotic Use
- Esophageal Thrush in Immunocompromised
- Diaper Rash
- Endocarditis in IV Drug Users
2 mins
Sporothrix Schenckii
- Characteristics
- Fungi
- Thermally Dimorphic
- Cigar-shaped Yeast Forms
- Rose Thorn Prick
- Packaging Peat Moss
- Signs & Symptoms
- Local Pustule or Ulcer
- Nodules on Draining Lymphatics
- Treatment
- Potassium Iodide
- Itraconazole
2 mins
Lice
- Clinical Features
- Pediculosis Capitis, Corporis, Pubis
- Pruritis
- Hyperpigmentation
- Louse-borne Diseases
- Trench Fever
- Bartonella Quintana
- Epidemic Typhus
- Rickettsia Prowazekii
- Relapsing Fever
- Borrelia Recurrentis
- Treatment
- Permethrin
- Malathion
- Ivermectin
3 mins
Scabies
- Pathophysiology
- Sarcoptes Scabiei Mite
- Signs & Symptoms
- Pruritus
- Papules with Burrows
- Webs of Fingers and Toes
- Axilla and Nipples
- Diagnosis
- Skin Scraping
- Dermoscopy
- Mites and Eggs on Magnification
- Treatment
- Permethrin Cream
- Oral Ivermectin
- Lindane Cream
- Considerations
- Wash All Linens In Hot Water
3 mins
Hookworm Infection
- Characteristics
- Necator Americanus
- Ancylostoma spp
- Nematode (Roundworm)
- Mode of transmission
- Larvae in Soil Penetrate Skin
- Pathophysiology
- Larvae Migrate To Lungs
- Larvae Mature In The Intestine
- Risk Factors
- Walking Barefoot On Contaminated Ground
- Signs & Symptoms
- Cutaneous Symptoms
- Microcytic Anemia
- Treatment
- Albendazole
- Pyrantel Pamoate
4 mins
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