Meningitis Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Fever
- Nuchal Rigidity
- Severe Headache
- Purpura
- Seizures
- Photophobia
- Opisthotonus Position
- High-Pitched Cry
- Bulging Fontanel
Meningitis Interventions
- IV Antibiotics
- Dexamethasone
- Analgesics
- Antipyretics
- Closely Monitor for Increased ICP
- Bed Rest
- Preventative Vaccinations
- Droplet-Airborne Precautions
Common Causes of Meningitis: Newborn (0-6 Months)
- Group B Streptococci
- E. coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
Common Causes of Meningitis: Children (6 Months - 6 Years)
- Enteroviruses
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae Type B
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
Common Causes of Meningitis: Adolescent and Adult (6 - 60 Years Old)
- Enteroviruses
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Neisseria meningitidis (#1 Cause in Teens)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
Common Causes of Meningitis: Elderly (60+ Years Old)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Gram-Negative Rods
- Listeria Monocytogenes
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Herpesvirus 3
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Chickenpox
- Pneumonia
- Encephalitis
- Trigeminal and Dorsal Root Ganglia
- Shingles
- Tzanck Test
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
- Cowdry A Inclusion
- Acyclovir
Trypanosoma Brucei
- Protozoa
- Trypanosoma Gambiense
- Trypanosoma Rhodesiense
- Tsetse Fly
- Painful Bite
- African Sleeping Sickness
- Recurring Fever
- Capacity for Antigenic Variation
- Enlarged Lymph Nodes
- Encephalitis
- Suramin for Blood-Borne Disease
- Melarsoprol for CNS Penetration
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Enveloped
- Double Stranded DNA
- Linear
- Type 1 HSV
- Gingivostomatitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis
- Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
- Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
- Type 2 HSV
- Genital Vesicles
- Neonatal Herpes
- TORCHES
- Latent in Sacral Ganglia
- Tzanck Test
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
- Cowdry A Inclusions
- Acyclovir
Naegleria Fowleri
- Protozoa
- Rapidly Fatal Meningoencephalitis
- Swimming in Freshwater Lakes
- Travels Through Cribriform Plate
- Amoebas in CSF
- Amphotericin B
- Death is Still Common
Nocardia
- Aerobic
- Gram-Positive
- Catalase-Positive
- Urease-Positive
- Acid Fast
- Branching
- Beaded Filament
- AIDS/Immunocompromised
- Soil
- Lung Cavitation
- Brain Abscess
- Kidney Abscess
- TMP-SMX
Clostridium botulinum
- Bacillus
- Gram-positive
- Anaerobe
- Spore-forming
- Heat Labile Toxin
- Inhibits Acetylcholine (Ach) Release at Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)
- Canned Food in Adults
- Spores in Honey
- Descending Flaccid Paralysis
- Diplopia
- Ptosis
- Floppy Baby
- Constipation