Multiple Sclerosis Features and Mechanisms
- More Common in Women
- Presents in 20's and 30's
- Northern Europeans
- Unknown mechanism, genetic factor
- HLA-DRB1
- Autoimmune Demyelination of CNS
- White Matter of Brain and Spinal Cord
- T Cell Mediated Inflammation
Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Optic Neuritis
- Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
- Scanning Speech
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Motor Issues (Intention Tremor, Paresis)
- Numbness and Pain
- Depression
- Relapsing Symptoms
- Gold Standard = Plaques on MRI
- Increased CSF Immunoglobulins (IgG)
- Oligoclonal Bands
Multiple Sclerosis Interventions
- Corticosteroids
- Interferon Beta
- Dimethyl Fumarate (Tecfidera)
- Fingolimod (Gilenya)
- Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)
- Natalizumab (Tysabri)
- Increase Exercise
- Identify Triggers
Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus
- CN VI Nucleus
- CN III Nucleus
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
- Ascending Paralysis
- Muscle Weakness
- Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
- Diplopia
- Difficulty Speaking
- Dysphagia
- Labile Blood Pressure
- Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
- Aggressive Airway Management
Campylobacter jejuni
- Gram-Negative
- Bacillus
- Flagella
- Curved
- Corkscrew Appearance
- Oxidase-Positive
- Grows Well at 42 Degrees
- Undercooked Meat
- Unpasteurized Milk
- Animals with Diarrhea
- Bloody Diarrhea
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Reactive Arthritis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Progressive Muscle Weakness
- Systemic Muscle Wasting
- Fasciculations
- Spasticity
- Fatigue
- Riluzole (Rilutek)
- Stretching
- Little to No Cognitive Decline
- Respiratory Support
- Palliative Care