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Medicine (MD/DO)
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First Aid
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First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK (10th Ed.)
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Gynecologic Neoplasms

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First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK (10th Ed.) | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid

Gynecologic Neoplasms
14 Picmonics to Learn | 25 mins
Uterine Leiomyoma (Fibroids) Characteristics and Presentation
Most Common Gynecologic Tumor
Benign Smooth Muscle Tumor
Risk Factors
Early Menarche
Hormone Sensitive
African Americans
Presentation
Abnormal Menses
Infertility
Urinary Symptoms
Irregularly Enlarged Uterus
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3 mins
Endometrial Hyperplasia
Characteristics
Unopposed Estrogen
With or Without Atypia
Signs and Symptoms
Postmenopausal Vaginal Bleeding
Amenorrhea
Menorrhagia
Metrorrhagia
Short Menstrual Cycles
Diagnosis
Transvaginal Ultrasound
Treatment
Progesterone
Complications
Endometrial Carcinoma
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2 mins
Cervical Cancer Assessment
Cause/Mechanism
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Assessment
Metrorrhagia
Leukorrhea
Pain
Abnormal Pap Test
May Be Asymptomatic
Considerations
HPV Vaccine
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2 mins
Genital Warts - Condylomata Acuminata
Mechanism
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Assessment
Papillary Cauliflower Like Growths
Bleeding
Vaginal Discharge
Interventions
Wart Removal
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Podophyllin resin
Cryotherapy
Considerations
HPV Vaccine
Cervical Cancer
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2 mins
Cervical Cancer Screening
Women Aged 21-65 Years
Pap Smear Every 3 Years
Women Aged 30-65 Years
Can Opt for Co-testing (Pap Smear + HPV Testing) Every 5 Years
Identify Lesions
High grade lesions
Cryotherapy
Loop Excision
Cold Knife Conization
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2 mins
Vaginal Cancer
Characteristics
HPV 16, 18
Squamous Cell Carcinoma is Most Common Subtype
Clinical Features
Vaginal Bleeding
Leukoplakia
Diagnosis
Colposcopy with Biopsy
Management
Radiation Therapy
Surgery
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2 mins
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Characteristics
Non-enveloped
Circular
Double Stranded DNA
Disease
Warts 1, 2, 6, 11
Condyloma acuminata
Type 16, 18
Cervical Carcinoma
Penile Carcinoma
AIDS/Immunocompromised
Worsened by Smoking
Diagnosis
Koilocytic change in squamous epithelium
Pyknotic Nuclei Surrounded by Clear Halo
Treatment
Vaccine Available
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4 mins
Ovarian Cystadenoma
Non-germ cell tumor
Serous
Unilocular
Bilateral
Mucinous
Multilocular
Benign
Most Common
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49 secs
Ovarian Cystadenocarcinoma
Non-germ Cell Tumor
Mucinous
Peritoneal Spread
Serous
Psammoma Bodies
Bilateral
Malignant
Stromal Invasion
CA 125
BRCA-1 and Lynch Syndrome
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1 min
Yolk Sac Tumor
Germ-cell tumor
AFP
Aggressive Malignancy
Yellow, Friable Solid
Schiller-Duval Bodies
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43 secs
Choriocarcinoma
Germ-cell tumor
Trophoblastic tissue
Hematogenous spread to lungs
Malignant
Theca-lutein cysts
Hydatidiform Mole
hCG
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59 secs
Dysgerminoma
Germ-cell tumor
Most Common Malignant Germ Cell Tumor
Uniform Cells
Fried Egg Cells
hCG
LDH
Seminoma-like
Turner Syndrome
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2 mins
Granulosa Cell Tumor
Granulosa Cells
Non-germ cell tumor
Endometrial Carcinoma
Call-Exner bodies
Estrogen producing
Precocious Puberty
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43 secs
Vaginal Cancer Subtypes
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Most Common Subtype
Associated with Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Exposure
Sarcoma Botryoides
Sarcoma Botryoides
Malignant Rhabdomyosarcoma
"Bunch of Grapes" in Vagina
Spindle-Shaped Cells
Desmin Positive
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3 mins

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