Obstructive Lung Disease
- Blocked Airflow
- Increased residual volume
- V/Q Mismatch
- Decreased forced vital capacity (FVC)
- Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio
- Asthma
- Bronchiectasis
- Chronic bronchitis
- Emphysema
Restrictive vs. Obstructive Lung Diseases
- Restrictive Lung Disease
- Decreased Lung Volume
- FEV1/FVC Ratio Normal to Increased
- Obstructive Lung Disease
- Increased Lung Volume
- Decreased FEV1/FVC Ratio
Asthma
- Obstructive lung disease
- Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness
- History of Atopic Disease
- Beta2 agonists
- Corticosteroids
- Curschmann's spirals
- Hypertrophy of smooth muscle
- Reversible
- Charcot Leyden crystals
- Methacholine challenge
- Wheezing
- Cough
- Initially decreased PaCO2
- Pulsus paradoxus
Bronchiectasis
- Obstructive Lung Disease
- Chronic Necrotizing Infection
- Permanent Airway Dilation
- Poor Ciliary Motility
- Kartagener's Syndrome
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
- Hemoptysis
- Increased Sputum
Emphysema
- Pink Puffer
- Exhale through Pursed Lips
- Barrel Chest
- Obstructive Lung Disease
- Increased Lung Compliance
- Centriacinar
- Panacinar
Intermittent Asthma
- Symptoms (Bronchoconstriction) and Rescue Inhaler Use ≤ 2 / Week
- No Interference With ADLs
- Nighttime Awakening < 2 / Month
- > 80 % of Predicted FEV1
Persistent Mild Asthma
- Symptoms (Brochoconstriction) and Rescue Inhaler Use > 2 Days / Week
- Nighttime Awakening 3-4 / Month
- Greater or equal to 80 % of Predicted FEV1
Persistent Moderate Asthma
- Symptoms (Bronchoconstriction) and Rescue Inhaler Use Daily
- Nighttime Awakening > 1 / Week
- 60-80% Predicted FEV1
- FEV1/FVC Decreased 5%
Persistent Severe Asthma
- Symptoms (Bronchoconstriction) and Rescue Inhaler Use: Multiple/ Day
- With Minimal Activity
- Nighttime Awakening: Nightly
- < 60% Predicted FEV1
- > 5% Decrease FEV1/FVC
Stages of Asthma Treatments
- Short-acting Inhaled Beta-Agonist
- Low-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid
- Montelukast (Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist)
- Low to Medium-dose Inhaled Corticosteroid
- Zileuton
- High-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid
- Systemic Corticosteroids
- Omalizumab (Allergies)
Beta-2 Agonists
- Short-term Treatment
- Terbutaline
- Asthma
- Tocolysis
- Albuterol
- Asthma
- Long-term Treatment
- Salmeterol
- Asthma
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Theophylline
- Asthma
- Inhibits Phosphodiesterase
- Increases cAMP
- Cardiotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Blocks Adenosine Action
Albuterol (Proventil)
- Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonist
- Bronchospasm
- Asthma
- Angina
- Tachycardia
- Tremor
Alpha Agonists
- -RINE suffix
- Norepinephrine
- Hypotension
- Phenylephrine
- Hypotension
- Congestion
- Ephedrine
- Congestion
- Urinary Incontinence
- Hypotension
- Epinephrine
- Anaphylaxis and Asthma
- Hypotension
Terbutaline (Brethine)
- Beta-2 Agonists
- Asthma
- Tocolytic
- Hypotension
- Tremor
- Tachycardia
- Pulmonary Edema
- Hyperglycemia
COPD Overview (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overview)
- Inhaled Toxins
- Smoking
- AAT Deficiency
- Emphysema
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Asthma
- Spirometry
- Slow Progression
Cromolyn (Mast Cell Stabilizers)
- Mast Cell Stabilizer
- Asthma Prophylaxis
- Bronchial Inflammation
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Cough
- Bronchospasm
- Fixed Schedule Administration