Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Ed., Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper & Bucher | Practical Nurse (LPN) School Study Aid
ECG Interpretation
- Rate
- Rhythm
- P Waves
- Upright, Rounded, Before Every QRS
- PR Interval (< 0.20 seconds)
- Normal QRS (< 0.12 seconds)
ECG: Sinus Tachycardia
- > 100 bpm
- Regular
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- < 0.20 seconds
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treat Underlying Cause
ECG: Sinus Bradycardia
- < 60 bpm
- Regular
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- < 0.20 seconds
- < 0.12 seconds
- Atropine
ECG: Atrial Flutter
- Variable
- Regular or Irregular
- Saw Tooth, Multiple Before Every QRS
- Non-measurable
- < 0.12 seconds
Adenosine (Adenocard)
- Slows AV Conduction
- Supraventricular Tachycardia (Paroxysmal)
- Bradycardia
- Flushing
- Dyspnea
- Rapid IV Push
- Caffeine and Theophylline Decrease Effectiveness
- Dipyridamole May Intensify Effects
Warfarin (Coumadin)
- Inhibits Clotting Factors
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Venous Thrombosis
- Pulmonary Embolism
- PT/INR Levels
- Observe for Bleeding
- Pregnancy
- Vitamin K and Fresh Frozen Plasma
- Prolonged Therapeutic Onset
- Maintain Same Diet
ECG: Atrial Fibrillation
- Variable Rate
- Irregular Rhythm
- No P Wave
- No PR Interval
- QRS < 0.12 Seconds
Magnesium Sulfate
- Muscle Relaxant
- Preterm Labor Contractions
- Preeclampsia
- Warm Feeling
- Hypotension
- Decreased Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRS)
- Decreased Respiratory Rate
- Decreased Urine Output
- Paralytic Ileus
- Calcium Gluconate
Cardiovascular Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Cardiac Myocytes and Vasculature
- Decrease cAMP
- Decreases SA and AV Node Conduction Velocity
- Lower Blood Pressure
- Decrease O2 Consumption
- Decreases Mortality Post-MI
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Slows AV Conduction
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Medication Education
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- Increases Inotropy
- Heart Failure
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Bradycardia
- Fatigue
- Heart Block
- Heart Rate Below 60
- Hypokalemia
- Monitor for Toxicity and Visual Changes
- Digibind
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Tonic-clonic Seizures
- Ataxia
- Nystagmus
- Sedation
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Purple Glove Syndrome
- Hirsutism
- Rash
- Anemia
- Individualized Dosing
12 Lead Contiguous Leads - Inferior Wall MI
- Lead II
- Lead III
- Lead aVF
- Right Coronary Artery (RCA)
12 Lead Contiguous Leads - Anterior Wall MI
- Lead V3
- Lead V4
- Left Anterior Descending (LAD)
12 Lead Contiguous Leads - Septal Wall MI
- Lead V1
- Lead V2
- Left Anterior Descending (LAD)
12 Lead Contiguous Leads - Lateral Wall MI
- Lead I
- Lead aVL
- Lead V5
- Lead V6
- Circumflex