Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 9th Ed., Lilley, Rainforth Collins & Snyder, 2019 | Practical Nurse (LPN) School Study Aid
Meperidine (Demerol)
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Moderate to Severe Pain
- Post Anesthesia Shivering
- Tremors
- Constipation
- CNS Depression
- Sedation
- Short Term Administration
- Increased Risk Serotonin Syndrome
- Does NOT cause Miosis
- Renal Failure Increases Toxicity Risk
Atropine
- Muscarinic Antagonist
- Bradycardia
- Increased Exocrine Secretions
- Smooth Muscle Spasms
- Tachycardia
- Dry Mouth
- Urinary Retention
Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist
- Weak Dopamine Antagonist
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Motion Sickness
- Respiratory Depression
- Sedation
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Use Large Bore IV
- Monitor for Tissue Necrosis
Anticholinergics
- B.O.AT.S Acronym
- Benztropine
- Parkinson's Disease
- Oxybutynin
- Decrease bladder spasms
- Atropine
- Mydriasis and Cycloplegia
- Scopolamine
- Motion Sickness
Diazepam (Valium)
- Anxiety
- Seizures and Status Epilepticus
- Muscle Spasms
- Alcohol Withdrawal
- Dizziness/Vision Changes
- Confusion/Amnesia
- Urinary Incontinence
- Behavioral Changes
- Respiratory Depression
- Flumazenil (Romazicon)
- Fall Precaution
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
Anticholinergics Continued
- Glycopyrrolate
- Reduces Airway Secretions
- Ulcer Treatment
- Ipratropium
- Asthma and C.O.P.D
- Dicyclomine
- Hyoscyamine
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Local Anesthetic Overview
- Minor Procedures
- Epidurals
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- State Dependent
- Combined with Vasoconstrictors
- Infected Tissue Requires Higher Dose
- Esters
- Amides
- Arrhythmias
- Cardiotoxicity
IV Anesthetics
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepines
- Respiratory Depression
- Hypotension
- Ketamine
- NMDA Receptor Antagonist
- Hallucinations
- Opioids
- Propofol
- Potentiates GABA-A
Lidocaine
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Ventricular Arrhythmia
- Anesthetic
- Paresthesias
- Seizures
- Respiratory Depression
- Drowsiness
- Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
Morphine
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Pain
- Myocardial Infarction
- Nausea and Vomiting
- CNS Depression
- Biliary Colic
- Constipation
- Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
- Pupillary Constriction
- Hypotension
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
- Names Include "Cur"
- Competitive Antagonists
- Acetylcholine Competition
- Reversal of Blockade
- Neostigmine, Edrophonium
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Overview
- Immunosuppressant
- Inhibits Calcineurin, Decreasing IL-2
- Prevent Transplant Rejection
- Psoriasis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Monitor Plasma Levels
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
- Increased Risk of Lymphoma
Succinylcholine
- Inducing Paralysis
- Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
- Motor Nicotinic Receptor
- ACh Receptor Agonist
- Depolarization
- Phase I (Paralysis Non-reversible)
- Phase II (Paralysis Reversible)
- Neostigmine (Reversal Agent)
Aminoglycoside Overview
- End in "-mycin"
- Gentamicin
- Neomycin
- Amikacin
- Tobramycin
- Streptomycin
- Bactericidal
- Severe Gram Negative Infections
- Bowel Surgery Prep
Clindamycin
- Bacteriostatic
- Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
- Gram-Positive Infections
- Anaerobic Infections
- Rash
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- C. Difficile (Associated Diarrhea)
- Arrhythmias
- Blood Dyscrasias
- Monitor for Diarrhea
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Slows AV Conduction
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Medication Education
Inhaled Anesthetics
- Unknown Mechanism
- HEISMN Drug Name Acronym
- Respiratory Depression
- Myocardial Depression
- Lower Metabolic Demand, Increased Cerebral Blood Flow
- Hepatotoxicity (Halothane)
- Nephrotoxicity (Methoxyflurane)
- Seizure (Enflurane)
- Malignant Hyperthermia
- Expansion of Trapped Gas