Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Ed., Huether, McCance, Brashers, & Rote | Practical Nurse (LPN) School Study Aid
Leukemia Assessment
- Immature WBCs
- Recurrent Infections
- Easy Bruising
- Bleeding
- Anemia
- Fatigue
- Weight Loss
- Bone Pain
- May Have Normal or High WBC Count
Leukemia Interventions
- Bone Marrow Aspiration
- X-Rays
- Chemotherapy
- Bleeding Precautions
- Neutropenic Precautions
- Strict Asepsis
- Bone Marrow Transplant
- Blood Transfusions
- Monitor Temperature Elevations
- Adequate Nutrition
- Imatinib (Gleevec) for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Assessment
- Lymph Node Cancer
- Contiguous Spread
- Painless Lymphadenopathy
- Constitutional B Signs
- Night Sweats
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Bimodal Age Distribution
- Reed-Sternberg Cells
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Interventions
- Biopsy
- Staging
- Radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Treat Side Effects of Therapy
- Secondary Cancer Screening
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- 5-10 Days After Heparin Exposure
- Heparin-Platelet Factor 4 Complex
- Autoantibodies Form Against Complex
- Heparin-Platelet Factor 4-Antibody Complex Binds Platelets
- Platelet Aggregation
- Procoagulant Release
- Thrombocytopenia
- Serotonin Release Assay (SRA)
- Stop Heparin, Start Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Assessment
- Improper Initiation of Clotting Cascade
- Systemic Bleeding
- Petechiae, Purpura, Ecchymosis
- Change in LOC
- Increased PT and PTT
- Cyanosis
- Increased Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP)
- Decreased Platelets and Fibrinogen
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Interventions
- Risk for Shock
- Renal Failure
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Manage Bleeding
- Maintain Fluid and Hemodynamic Balance
- Transfusion
- Oxygenation
- Heparin Drip