Nurse Practitioner Certification Examination and Practice Preparation 4th Edition, Fitzgerald, 2015 | Nurse Practitioner (NP) School Study Aid
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development - Stage 1 (Infancy)
- Infancy (Birth to 18 months)
- Trust vs. Mistrust
- Feeding
- Hope
- Oral
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development - Stage 2 (Toddler)
- Toddler (1-3 Years)
- Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
- Toilet Training
- Will
- Anal
Erikson’s Theory Of Psychosocial Development - Stage 3 (Preschool Age)
- Preschool (3-5 Years)
- Initiative vs. Guilt
- Exploration
- Purpose
- Phallic
Erikson’s Theory Of Psychosocial Development - Stage 4 (School Age)
- School Age (6-12 Years)
- Industry vs. Inferiority
- School
- Competence
- Latency
Erikson’s Theory Of Psychosocial Development - Stage 5 (Adolescence)
- Adolescent (12-18 Years)
- Identity vs. Role Confusion
- Social Relationships
- Fidelity
- Genital
Erikson’s Theory Of Psychosocial Development - Stage 6 (Young Adulthood)
- Young Adult (20-30 Years)
- Intimacy vs. Isolation
- Romantic Relationships
- Love
Erikson’s Theory Of Psychosocial Development - Stage 7 (Adulthood)
- Adulthood (Age 30 - 65 Years)
- Generativity vs. Stagnation
- Career & Parenthood
- Care
Erikson’s Theory Of Psychosocial Development - Stage 8 (Older Adult)
- Older Adult (65+ to Death)
- Integrity vs. Despair
- Reflection on Life
- Wisdom
Cataract
- Age-related
- No Pain
- Cloudy Opaque Lens
- Decreased Visual Acuity
- Occurs Gradually
- Surgery
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
- Dry (nonexudative)
- Wet (exudative)
- Scotomas
- Blurred, Darkened Vision
- Loss of Central Vision
- Distortion of Vision
- Drug Therapy
- Surgery
- Low-vision Assistive Devices
Phenytoin
- Status Epilepticus
- Tonic-Clonic Seizures
- Blocks Na+ Channel Activation
- Inhibition of Glutamate Release
- Class IB Antiarrhythmic
- Teratogenic
- Macrocytic Megaloblastic Anemia
- Induce Cytochrome P450
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Neuropathy
- Hirsutism
- Gingival Hyperplasia
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
- "-prazole" Suffix
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
- Hip fracture
- Pneumonia
Trimethoprim
- Bacteriostatic
- Inhibits Bacterial Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Causes Sequential Block of Folate Synthesis
- Used in Combination with Sulfamethoxazole
- Combination Used For Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections
- Shigella
- Salmonella
- Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia
- Decrease in Red and White Blood Cells
- Alleviated with Leucovorin Rescue
Warfarin
- Interferes with Vitamin K-dependent Clotting Factors
- Extrinsic Pathway
- Bridge with Heparin
- Chronic Anticoagulation
- Bleeding
- Necrosis
- Cytochrome P450
- Pregnancy
- FFP + Vitamin K
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Depression
- Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
- Duloxetine
- Panic and Anxiety
- Venlafaxine
- Inhibits Reuptake of Serotonin and NE
- Hypertension
- Insomnia
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Decreased Libido
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Overview
- Blocks Serotonin and NE Reuptake
- Lipid-soluble
- Adverse CNS Effects
- Anticholinergic
- Antihistamine
- Tri-C: Convulsion, Coma, Cardiotoxicity
- Blocks Alpha1 Receptors
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Indications
- Major Depression
- Bedwetting
- Fibromyalgia
- OCD
- -Iptyline or -Ipramine Suffix
- Amitriptyline
- Desipramine
- Clomipramine
- Imipramine
- Nortriptyline
Gabapentin
- Seizure Treatment
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Postherpetic Neuralgia
- Bipolar Disorder
- Migraine Prophylaxis
- Inhibits Voltage-Gated Ca2+ channels
- Designed as a GABA Analog
- Ataxia
- Sedation
Codeine
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Mild to Moderate Pain
- Cough Suppressant
- Sedation
- Constipation
- Miosis
- Close Monitoring When Breast Feeding
- Often Combined with Non-Opioids
Morphine
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Pain
- Myocardial Infarction
- Nausea and Vomiting
- CNS Depression
- Biliary Colic
- Constipation
- Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
- Pupillary Constriction
- Hypotension
Risperidone (Risperdal)
- Atypical Antipsychotic
- Schizophrenia
- Bipolar Mania
- Autism-Associated Irritability
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Gynecomastia
- Galactorrhea
- Amenorrhea
- Prolonged QT
- Intramuscular Long Acting (Depot) Form
Benzodiazepines Overview
- First Line for Status Epilepticus
- Anesthesia Induction
- Anxiety
- Eclampsia
- Detoxification
- '-zepam' and '-zolam" Suffix
- Increase Frequency of Cl- Channel Opening
- Decrease REM Sleep
- CNS Depression
- Dependence
- Flumazenil for Overdose
Glyburide and Glipizide (2nd Generation Sulfonylureas)
- 2nd Generation Sulfonylureas
- Blocks Potassium Channels in Beta Cells
- Stimulate Release of Insulin
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Hypoglycemia
- More Potent
- Beta Blockers Reduce Effects
- Avoid Alcohol
- Avoid Breastfeeding
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Slows AV Conduction
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Medication Education
Haloperidol (Haldol)
- High Potency Antipsychotic
- Migraine
- Schizophrenia
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Weight Gain
- QT Prolongation
- Restlessness
- Caution in Seizure Patients
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Meperidine (Demerol)
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Moderate to Severe Pain
- Post Anesthesia Shivering
- Tremors
- Constipation
- CNS Depression
- Sedation
- Short Term Administration
- Increased Risk Serotonin Syndrome
- Does NOT cause Miosis
- Renal Failure Increases Toxicity Risk
Urge Incontinence
- Strong Urge To Void
- Unable To Void Quickly Enough
- Nocturia
- Increased Frequency
- Small Volume Voids
- Increased Detrusor Muscle Activity
- Avoid Caffeine & Alcohol
- Anticholinergics
- Mirabegron
- Botox
- Sacral Neuromodulation
Alzheimer's Disease Assessment (Early Symptoms)
- Advanced Age
- Poor Judgment and Decision-Making
- Difficulty Having a Conversation
- Inability to Manage a Budget
- Losing Track of the Date or Season
- Misplacing Things
Alzheimer's Disease Assessment (Late Symptoms)
- Memory Impairment
- Wandering Behavior
- Confabulation
- Perseveration
- Lack of Abstract Thinking
- Severe Cognitive Decline
Alzheimer's Disease Interventions
- PET Scan and CT
- Mini-Mental State Examination
- Drug Therapy
- Safe Environment
- Moderate Exercise
- Behavioral Modification
- Assistance with Functional Independence
- Assistance and Support for Caregiver
Pressure Ulcers
- Prolonged Immobilization
- Neurologic Disease
- Decreased Level of Consciousness
- Stage 1: Intact Skin with Non-blanchable Erythema
- Stage 2: Partial Thickness Skin Loss
- Stage 3: Full-thickness Skin Loss without Fascial Involvement
- Stage 4: Full-thickness Skin Loss with Fascial Involvement
- Wound Care
- Surgery
- Septicemia
- Osteomyelitis
- Prevention
Delirium
- Rapid Onset
- Reversible
- Hallucinations
- Decline in Cognition
- Short Attention Span
- Rapid Speech
- Change in Activity Level
- Mood Swings
Causes of Dementia
- Intoxication or Medications
- Depression
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency
- Metabolic Conditions
- Lewy Body Dementia
- Prion Disease
- Pick's Disease
- AIDS Dementia
- Alzheimer's Disease
- Multi-infarct (Vascular) Dementia
Donepezil
- Alzheimer's Disease
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor
- Increased Acetylcholine
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Dizziness
5 A's of Alzheimer's Disease
- Agnosia
- Anomia
- Aphasia
- Apraxia
- Amnesia
Memantine
- Alzheimer's Disease
- NMDA Receptor Antagonist
- Prevents Excitotoxicity
- Confusion
- Hallucinations
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAO-Is)
- Atypical Depression
- Increase Levels of Amine Neurotransmitters
- "Takes Pride In Shanghai"
- Tranylcypromine
- Phenelzine
- Isocarboxazid
- Selegiline
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Overview
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
- Paroxetine
- Sertraline
- Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine
- Sexual Dysfunction
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Treat with Cyproheptadine
Selective Beta-1 Blockers
- "-olol" Suffix
- Beta-1 Selective
- Atenolol
- Esmolol
- Metoprolol
- Partial Beta agonists
- Acebutolol
Nonselective Beta-Blockers
- "-olol" Suffix
- Nonselective
- Propranolol
- Timolol
- Nadolol
- Partial β Agonist
- Pindolol
- Nonselective β with α Blocking
- Carvedilol
- Labetalol