Triazolam (Halcion)
- Rapid-Onset Benzodiazepine
- Insomnia
- Rebound Insomnia
- Respiratory Depression
- Hypotension
- Paradoxical Excitement
- Amnesia
- Confusion
- Pregnancy
- Short-Term Administration
Zolpidem (Ambien)
- Hypnotic
- Insomnia
- Daytime Drowsiness
- Bizarre Sleep Behaviors
- Sleep Driving
- Angioedema
- Short Term Administration
- Take Immediately Before Bedtime
Benzodiazepines Overview
- First Line for Status Epilepticus
- Anesthesia Induction
- Anxiety
- Eclampsia
- Detoxification
- '-zepam' and '-zolam" Suffix
- Increase Frequency of Cl- Channel Opening
- Decrease REM Sleep
- CNS Depression
- Dependence
- Flumazenil for Overdose
Short-acting Benzodiazepines
- ATOM
- Alprazolam
- Triazolam
- Oxazepam
- Midazolam
- Anesthesia Induction
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
- Half-life < 12 Hours
- Dependence
Phenobarbital (Barbiturates)
- Barbiturate
- Seizures
- Ataxia
- Paradoxical Excitement
- Fatigue/Drowsiness
- Monitor Plasma Levels
- High Potential for Abuse
Buspirone
- Generalized Anxiety
- Releases Dopamine and NE
- Stimulates 5-HT1A receptors
- Low Side Effect Profile
- Safer with Alcohol than Other Anxiolytics
Trazodone
- Insomnia
- Depression
- Inhibit Serotonin Reuptake
- Alpha-1 Blocker
- Histamine (H1) Blocker
- Sedation
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Dry Mouth
- Priapism
- Arrhythmias
Long-acting Benzodiazepines
- Lorazepam
- Diazepam
- Clonazepam
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
- Seizures
- Eclampsia
- Alcohol Withdrawal
- Half-life > 24 Hours
- Dependence