Ace Your NCLEX-RN® Test Plan: Client Needs Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Registered Nurse (RN) Students
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NCLEX-RN® Test Plan: Client Needs | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Care for the Visually Impaired
- Assessment
- Decreased Visual Acuity
- Snellen Chart
- Status of Corrective Lenses
- Nursing Considerations
- Sighted-Guide Technique
- Communication
- Safe Environment
- Medications
- Clock Technique for Food
- Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
1 min
Care for the Hard of Hearing
- Assessment
- Normal: 0-15 dB
- Rinne's Test
- Weber's Test
- Tinnitus
- Difficulty Following Conversations
- Nursing Considerations
- Face Patient/Speak Clearly
- Rephrase Misunderstood Statements
- Repeat Statements Back
- Hearing Aids
- Sign Language
2 mins
Wound Drainage Types and Devices
- Drainage Types
- Serous
- Serosanguineous
- Sanguineous
- Purulent
- Drainage Devices
- T-tube
- Penrose
- Jackson-Pratt (JP)
- Hemovac
- Considerations
- Record Drainage Amounts
- Check Device Function
2 mins
Prenatal Care
- Prenatal Visits
- Vital Signs, FHR
- Fundal Height
- Urine Dipstick
- Weight
- Prenatal Screening
- Laboratory Testing
2 mins
Pregnant Cardiac Patient Assessment
- Mechanism
- Cardiac Decompensation
- Signs and Symptoms
- Frequent Cough
- Dyspnea
- Palpitations
- Excessive Fatigue
- Pulse > 100 bpm
- Crackles
2 mins
Pregnant Cardiac Patient Interventions
- Prenatal
- Monitor for Cardiac Decompensation
- Stool Softener
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Labor
- ECG Monitor
- Open Glottis Pushing
- Pulmonary Artery Catheter
- No Beta-Adrenergic Medications
- Penicillin Prophylaxis
- Postpartum
- Stress on Heart
2 mins
Pregnant Diabetic Patient Interventions
- First Trimester
- Increase Insulin then Decrease
- Metformin
- Nutrition
- Exercise
- Second Trimester
- Increase Insulin
- More Likely to Develop Hypoglycemia than Hyperglycemia
- Third Trimester
- Double or Quadruple Insulin
- Early Delivery
- Postpartum
- Drastically Decrease Insulin
- Monitor Neonate for Hypoglycemia
3 mins
Placental Implantation Abnormalities
- Mechanism
- Placenta Adheres Directly to Myometrium
- Placenta Accreta
- Placenta Increta
- Placenta Percreta
- Caused by Scar Tissue
- Hemorrhage
- Diagnosis
- Ultrasound is First-line, then MRI
- Treatment
- C-section Delivery
- Artery Ligation or Embolization
2 mins
Abruptio Placentae
- Mechanism
- Premature Separation of Placenta
- Assessment
- Tearing Pain
- Bleeding (Often Concealed)
- Rigid Uterus
- Contractions
- Interventions
- Corticosteroids as Needed
- Emergent Delivery
- Considerations
- Increased Risks for Neonate
- Rh (Rhesus) Incompatibilities
- Increased Risk for Shock
- Monitor Fetal Heart Rate
3 mins
Placenta Previa
- Mechanism
- Placenta Covers Cervical Os
- Assessment
- Painless
- Bright Red Vaginal Bleeding
- Interventions
- Stable Fetus
- Bed Rest
- Observation
- Unstable Fetus
- C-section Delivery
- Considerations
- Risk for Shock
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Tocolysis
3 mins
Preeclampsia Assessment
- After 20 Weeks of Pregnancy
- Mild
- Hypertension > 140/90
- Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
- Severe
- Hypertension > 160/110
- Progressive Renal Insufficiency
- Vision Changes
- HELLP Syndrome
- Pulmonary Edema
2 mins
Preeclampsia Interventions
- Side Lying Position and Bedrest
- Antihypertensives
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Labor Induction
1 min
Severe Preeclampsia
- Mechanism of Action
- Vasospasm and Decreased Organ Perfusion
- Intravascular Coagulation
- Increased Permeability and Capillary Leakage
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
- HELLP Syndrome
- Hepatic Dysfunction and Hemolysis
- Elevated Liver Enzymes
- Low Platelet Counts
3 mins
Eclampsia
- Mechanism of Action
- Increased Central Nervous System Irritability
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hyperreflexia
- Positive Ankle Clonus
- Headaches
- Visual Disturbances
- Epigastric or RUQ Pain
- Seizures
- Coma
- Considerations
- Don't Leave Bedside
- Magnesium Sulfate
2 mins
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
- Signs and Symptoms
- Excessive Vomiting
- Significant Weight Loss
- Dehydration
- Hypotension
- Electrolyte Imbalance
- Interventions
- Antiemetics
- Frequent Small Meals
- IV Therapy
2 mins
Prolactinoma
- Pituitary Adenoma
- Galactorrhea
- Prolactin Inhibits Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
- Impotence
- Amenorrhea
- Bitemporal Hemianopsia
- Treat with Dopamine
2 mins
Asthma Implementation and Education
- Medication
- Oxygen
- Corticosteroids
- Ipratropium (Anticholinergic)
- Albuterol
- Implementation
- Inhaler/nebulizer
- Pulse Oximetry
- Pursed Lip Breathing
- Education
- Carry Inhaler
- Rinse Mouth after Inhaler
- Identify Trigger (Cold Air, Dander, Dust, Infection, Mold, Pollen, Smoke)
2 mins
Diabetes Education
- Self-Monitoring (Blood Glucose)
- SubQ Injection Technique
- Lifestyle Changes
- Symptoms of Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia
- Sick Day Care
- Foot Care
- Exercise Therapy
- Medication
1 min
Tracheostomy Care
- Inner Cannula Removed and Cleaned
- Clean Q8 Hours Around Stoma
- One Finger Under Ties
- Considerations
- Speak with Deflated Cuff
- Can Eat with Tube in Place
- Keep Replacement Tube Nearby
- Immediately Replace if Dislodged
- Physician Does First Tube Change
2 mins
Fever
- Flushed skin, warm to touch
- Chills
- Sweating
- Change in LOC
- Provide adequate fluids
- Monitor Electrolytes and Fluid
- Monitor vital signs, esp temperature
- Remove excess clothing and blankets
- Sponge bath with tepid water
2 mins
Types of Wound Healing
- Types of Wounds
- Acute
- Chronic
- Healing Process
- Primary Intention
- Approximated Edges
- Secondary Intention
- Edges Not Approximated
- Tertiary Intention
- Delayed Closure due to Infection and Necrosis
2 mins
Dialysis
- Hemodialysis
- Rapid Shifts of Fluid and Electrolytes
- Disequilibrium Syndrome
- Hypotension
- NO BP IN ARM with Shunt or Fistula
- Assess for Thrill and Bruit
- Peritoneal Dialysis
- Slow Process
- Peritonitis
- Loss of Protein
- Hyperglycemia
3 mins
Ileostomy Care
- Antibiotics
- Monitor Skin Breakdown
- Drains Continuously
- Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
- Low Fiber Diet
2 mins
Seizure Interventions
- Maintain Airway
- Side-lying Position
- Support Head
- Move to Floor
- Benzodiazepines
- Considerations
- Never Restrain
- No Objects in Mouth
- Document Details
2 mins
Chest Tubes: Management and Care
- Confirm suction order
- Assessment
- Crepitus
- Kinking
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Infection
- Excessive bubbling
- Quick Interventions
- If tube dislodges from patient, use petroleum gauze taped 3 ways
- If drainage system is damaged, place disconnected drainage tube in sterile water
1 min
Postpartum Infection
- Diagnosis
- Fever > 100.4F After 24 Hours (38 C)
- Risk Factors
- Multiple Vaginal Examinations
- Vaginal Trauma
- Prolonged Rupture of Membranes
- Cesarean Birth
- Anemia of Pregnancy
- Retained Placental Fragments
- Poor Health Status
3 mins
Postpartum Hemorrhage
- Mechanism
- Uterine Atony
- Lacerations
- Retained Placenta
- Signs and Symptoms
- Bleeding
- Hypotension
- Boggy Uterus
- Considerations
- Oxytocin
- Bimanual Compression of Uterus
- Surgery
- Blood Transfusion
2 mins
Postpartum Nursing Assessment
- BUBBLE - LE
- Breasts
- Uterus
- Bladder
- Bowels
- Lochia
- Episiotomy (Laceration)
- Lower Extremities
- Emotions
3 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Headache
- Cushings Triad
- Irregular Respirations
- Widening Pulse Pressure
- Bradycardia
- Projectile Vomiting
- Abnormal Pupils
- Papilledema
- Posturing
2 mins
Postoperative Care
- Head to Toe Assessment
- Complications
- Hemorrhage
- Clotting
- Pain
- Dehiscence or Evisceration
- Respiratory Complications
- Paralytic Ileus
- Infection
2 mins
Postoperative Fever
- 5 W's
- Wind (Days 1-3)
- Atelectasis
- Pneumonia
- Water (Days 3-5)
- Urinary Tract Infection from Catheter
- Walking (Days 4-6)
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Wound (Days 5-7)
- Infection
- Wonder Drugs (Days 7+)
- Drugs
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Assessment
- Assessment
- RNA Retrovirus
- CD4+ Helper T Cells
- Primary Infection
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Lymphadenopathy
- Symptomatic Stage
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Unexplained Weight Loss
- White Spots on Tongue
- Persistent Fever
- Night Sweats
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Diagnosis
- HIV-1/2 Antigen/Antibody Immunoassay
- HIV-1/2 Antibody Differentiation Immunoassay
- Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT)
- Viral Load
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Neonates
3 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Stages
- Primary Infection
- Within 3 Weeks
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Asymptomatic Stage
- Years
- Symptomatic Stage
- CD4+ < 500
- AIDS
- Opportunistic Infections
- CD4+ < 200
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Interventions
- Interventions
- Adequate Nutrition
- Small Frequent Meals
- IV Hydration
- Emotional Support
- HIV Medications
- HAART
- Considerations
- Transmission Education
- Strict Asepsis for Invasive Procedures
- Treat Opportunistic Infections
2 mins
Tuberculosis Assessment
- Etiology
- Airborne Droplet
- Assessment
- 3 Week Productive Cough
- Night Sweats
- Chest Pain
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Fatigue
- Diagnosis
- Chest X-Ray
- Blood Tests
- Mantoux Skin Test
- 3 Positive Sputum Tests
1 min
Tuberculosis Intervention
- Hospital Care
- Airborne Isolation
- Drug Therapy
- Combination Drug Therapy (RIPE)
- 6-12 Months
- Considerations
- DOT
- BCG Vaccination
- Medication Education
- 3 Negative Sputum Specimens
- Infection Control
2 mins
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