Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Ed., Ignatavicius & Workman, 2020 | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
5 A's of Alzheimer's Disease
- Agnosia
- Anomia
- Aphasia
- Apraxia
- Amnesia
Alzheimer's Disease Assessment (Early Symptoms)
- Advanced Age
- Poor Judgment and Decision-Making
- Difficulty Having a Conversation
- Inability to Manage a Budget
- Losing Track of the Date or Season
- Misplacing Things
Alzheimer's Disease Assessment (Late Symptoms)
- Memory Impairment
- Wandering Behavior
- Confabulation
- Perseveration
- Lack of Abstract Thinking
- Severe Cognitive Decline
Alzheimer's Disease Interventions
- PET Scan and CT
- Mini-Mental State Examination
- Drug Therapy
- Safe Environment
- Moderate Exercise
- Behavioral Modification
- Assistance with Functional Independence
- Assistance and Support for Caregiver
Donepezil
- Alzheimer's Disease
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor
- Increased Acetylcholine
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Dizziness
Memantine
- Alzheimer's Disease
- NMDA Receptor Antagonist
- Prevents Excitotoxicity
- Confusion
- Hallucinations
Depression Assessment
- Anergia
- Self Neglect
- Decreased Libido
- Vegetative Signs
- Sad Affect
- Worthlessness
- Guilt
- Anger and Irritability
- Ineffective Problem Solving
- Slowed Thinking
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Overview
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
- Paroxetine
- Sertraline
- Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine
- Sexual Dysfunction
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Treat with Cyproheptadine
High Potency Antipsychotic Drugs
- Fluphenazine
- Trifluoperazine
- Haloperidol
- Pimozide
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Short Term
- Dystonia
- Restlessness (Akathisia)
- Torticollis
- Long Term
- Tardive Dyskinesia
- Parkinson's-Like Symptoms
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Inhibits Reuptake of Norepinephrine and Serotonin
- Depression
- Bipolar Disorder
- Fibromyalgia
- Sedation
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Cardiac Toxicity
- Delayed Effect
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Indications
- Major Depression
- Bedwetting
- Fibromyalgia
- OCD
- -Iptyline or -Ipramine Suffix
- Amitriptyline
- Desipramine
- Clomipramine
- Imipramine
- Nortriptyline
Huntington's Disease Assessment and Interventions
- Decreased GABA
- Appears around Age 40
- Slow Cognitive Decline
- Choreiform Movements
- Non Repetitive Jerks
- Neuroleptics
- Tetrabenazine
- Genetic Counseling
- Stages of Disease
- High Calorie Diet
Parkinson's Disease Assessment
- Decreased Dopamine
- Older Adult
- Cogwheel Rigidity
- Bradykinesia
- Shuffling Gait
- Resting Tremor
- Pill-Rolling
- Mask-Like Face
- Cognitive Decline
Parkinson's Disease Interventions
- Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
- Entacapone (Comtan)
- Selegiline (Eldepryl)
- Amantadine (Symmetrel)
- Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
- Benztropine (Cogentin)
- Allow Extra Time
- Ensure Patient Safety
- Surgery As Last Resort
Parkinson's Drugs
- Decreased Dopamine
- Increased Acetylcholine
- BALSA Acronym
- Bromocriptine
- Amantadine
- Levodopa
- Selegiline
- Antimuscarinics
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
- Increases Dopamine in Brain
- Parkinson's Disease
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Arrhythmias
- Dyskinesia
- Psychosis
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Report Uncontrolled Movements
- Darkened Sweat or Urine
- Off and On Phenomenon
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAO-Is)
- Atypical Depression
- Increase Levels of Amine Neurotransmitters
- "Takes Pride In Shanghai"
- Tranylcypromine
- Phenelzine
- Isocarboxazid
- Selegiline
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Contraindications
- Wine and Cheese
- Hypertensive Crisis
- Serotonin Drugs
- Serotonin Syndrome
Tyramine Containing Foods
- Aged Cheeses
- Pepperoni
- Pickled Foods
- Wine
Indirect Cholinomimetics
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Edrophonium
- Myasthenia Gravis (Diagnosis)
- Pyridostigmine and Neostigmine
- Myasthenia Gravis (Tx)
- Ileus
- Physostigmine
- Atropine Overdose
- Glaucoma
- Donepezil
- Alzheimer's
Anticholinergics
- B.O.AT.S Acronym
- Benztropine
- Parkinson's Disease
- Oxybutynin
- Decrease bladder spasms
- Atropine
- Mydriasis and Cycloplegia
- Scopolamine
- Motion Sickness
Anticholinergics Continued
- Glycopyrrolate
- Reduces Airway Secretions
- Ulcer Treatment
- Ipratropium
- Asthma and C.O.P.D
- Dicyclomine
- Hyoscyamine
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Benztropine (Cogentin)
- Anticholinergic
- Parkinson's Disease
- Acute Dystonia
- Mydriasis
- Dry Mouth
- Urinary Retention
- Tachycardia
- Constipation
- Psychosis
Atropine
- Muscarinic Antagonist
- Bradycardia
- Increased Exocrine Secretions
- Smooth Muscle Spasms
- Tachycardia
- Dry Mouth
- Urinary Retention
Sumatriptan
- Short Half-Life
- 5-HT Agonist
- Inhibits Trigeminal Nerve Activation
- Induces Vasoconstriction
- Migraine
- Cluster Headache
- Increased Risk of Serotonin Syndrome
- Paresthesias
- Coronary Vasospasm
- Prinzmetal's Angina
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
NSAIDs
- Anti-inflammatory
- Analgesic
- Fever
- Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Reversible Inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2
- Block Prostaglandin Synthesis
- Interstitial Nephritis
- Gastric Ulcer
- Renal Ischemia
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
Systemic Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Respiratory
- Bronchoconstriction
- Metabolic
- Decreased Insulin
- Decreased Glycolysis and Lipolysis
- Eye
- Reduces Intraocular Pressure
Cardiovascular Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Cardiac Myocytes and Vasculature
- Decrease cAMP
- Decreases SA and AV Node Conduction Velocity
- Lower Blood Pressure
- Decrease O2 Consumption
- Decreases Mortality Post-MI
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Slows AV Conduction
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Medication Education
Types of Seizures
- Tonic-clonic
- Tonic
- Clonic
- Absence (Petit Mal)
- Myoclonic
- Atonic
- Partial (Focal) Seizure
- Simple Partial
- Complex Partial
Seizure Interventions
- Maintain Airway
- Side-lying Position
- Support Head
- Move to Floor
- Benzodiazepines
- Never Restrain
- No Objects in Mouth
- Document Details
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Tonic-clonic Seizures
- Ataxia
- Nystagmus
- Sedation
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Purple Glove Syndrome
- Hirsutism
- Rash
- Anemia
- Individualized Dosing
Warfarin (Coumadin)
- Inhibits Clotting Factors
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Venous Thrombosis
- Pulmonary Embolism
- PT/INR Levels
- Observe for Bleeding
- Pregnancy
- Vitamin K and Fresh Frozen Plasma
- Prolonged Therapeutic Onset
- Maintain Same Diet
Valproic Acid (Depakote)
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Increases GABA Concentration
- Tonic-clonic Seizures
- Bipolar Disorder
- Migraine Prophylaxis
- Hepatotoxicity
- Blood Dyscrasias
- GI Distress
- Tremor
- Pancreatitis
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
- GABA Analog
- Seizures
- Neuropathic Pain
- Fibromyalgia
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Somnolence (Fatigue)
- Weight Gain
- Angioedema
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Dependence
Seizure Precautions
- Reduce Environmental Stimuli
- Identify Triggers
- Aura
- Pad Side Rails
- Bed Lowest Position
- Oxygen and Suction Available
- Monitor Therapeutic Drug Levels
Meningitis Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Fever
- Nuchal Rigidity
- Severe Headache
- Purpura
- Seizures
- Photophobia
- Opisthotonus Position
- High-Pitched Cry
- Bulging Fontanel
Meningitis Interventions
- IV Antibiotics
- Dexamethasone
- Analgesics
- Antipyretics
- Closely Monitor for Increased ICP
- Bed Rest
- Preventative Vaccinations
- Droplet-Airborne Precautions
Hydrocephalus
- Increased CSF in Ventricles of Brain
- Signs of Increased ICP
- High Pitched Cry
- Irritability
- Opisthotonus
- Increased Head Circumference
- Bulging Fontanel
- Setting Sun Sign
- Seizure Precautions
- Elevate HOB
- CSF Shunt
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- Guanosine Analog
- Inhibits Viral Replication
- Thymidine Kinase Activation
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
- Headache
- GI Distress
- CNS Toxicity
- Nephrotoxicity (Crystalline Nephropathy)
- Prevents Recurrent Episodes
- Slow IV Infusion